Unpoisoned sartorius muscles of Rana temporaria were stimulated tetanically in isometric contractions lasting up to 20 s at 0 degrees C. The observed enthalpy (heat + work) production and the chemical changes in these contractions were measured, and a comparison was made between the observed enthalpy and the enthalpy that could be explained by the chemical changes. Like earlier workers, we foun...

Recent work has sought to extract the asymmetry energy at very low density from observables in heavyion collisions. The logic employed starts from the assumption that the fragment yields are determined by a minimization of the Helmholtz free energy. As volume is in reality unconstrained, nor can a single freeze-out volume be expected, the physical relevance of the Helmholtz free energy must be ...

abstract the aim of this research was to investigate the enthalpy variations of iranian flat breads during storage in room temperature and determining relationship between enthalpy and amount of staling development. for this purpose, the major iranian breads including barbari, taftoon, lavash and sangak beside baguette, were prepared using standard ingredients, specific recipe, and under contro...

13 The sublimation enthalpy of cubane, a key reference material for force field and quantum mechanical computations, was measured by combining the vaporization enthalpy at T = 298.15 K to the sum of the fusion enthalpy measured at T = 405 K and a solid–solid phase transition that occurs at T = 394 K. The fusion and solid–solid phase transitions were measured previously. A sublimation enthalpy v...

The oxidation of complexes of Ti(III), (TiL6)3+ (L=ur, Meur, DMeur, DEture, N-Bu-ur, and Phur), by iodine as I3- in ethanol and acetonitrile solutions, appears to proceed as a second order reaction and is much faster in ethanol solution (where solvolysis occurs) than in acetonitrile. The enthalpy of activation appears to decrease as ligand's size ...

MINDO/3 Calculations, Valence Isomerization The degenerate rearrangement of P? 3 has been studied by means of the MINDO/3 method. The calculated enthalpy of activation (A H + = 59.12 kJ/mol) is in good agreement with results from 31P NMR studies at different temperatures. The bond switching process starts with a bond rupture leading to a transition state with C2v symmetry. Possible rearrangemen...

Many important industrial separation processes based on adsorption operate close to saturation. In this regime, the underlying adsorption processes are mostly driven by entropic forces. At equilibrium, the entropy of adsorption is closely related to the enthalpy of adsorption. Thus, studying the behavior of the enthalpy of adsorption as a function of loading is fundamental to understanding sepa...

Abstract The impregnation of granular activated carbon with the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) was studied and influence on aurocyanide adsorption evaluated. Thermodynamic kinetic parameters were also determined. SDS improves gold by 10%, showing a cleansing effect surface which displayed in higher specific area. Specific pore volume average diameter did not undergo important ch...