Resistance to high concentrations of bile salts in the human intestinal tract is vital for the survival of enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli. Although the tripartite AcrAB-TolC efflux system plays a significant role in this resistance, it is purported that other efflux pumps must also be involved. We provide evidence from a comprehensive suite of experiments performed at two different p...

pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of bum infections, and antibiotic- resistant strains of this bacterium are emerging due to extensive application of antibiotics in the bum unit of hospitals. in this study 50 strains of p. aeruginosa were isolated from bum patients infected with this micro-organism in the bum unit of a general hospital in kerman, iran over one year [may 1999-aprii2000]....

Biogenic polyamines (e.g., spermidine and spermine) are a group of essential polycationic compounds found in all living cells. The effects of spermine and spermidine on antibiotic susceptibility were examined with gram-negative Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium bacteria and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and with gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacter...

Persisters are dormant phenotypic variants of regular cells that are tolerant to antibiotics and play an important role in recalcitrance of chronic infections to therapy. Persisters can be produced stochastically in a population untreated with antibiotics. At the same time, a deterministic component of persister formation has also been documented in a population of cells with DNA damaged by flu...

The incidence of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections is increasing globally and the need to understand the underlying mechanisms is paramount to discover new therapeutics. The efflux pumps of Gram-negative bacteria have a broad substrate range and transport antibiotics out of the bacterium, conferring intrinsic multidrug resistance (MDR). The genomes of pre- and posttherapy MDR clinical is...

conclusions ctx-m was the most prevalent esbl genotype in uropathogenic e. coli (upec) isolated from uti. in addition, a high frequency of qnr genes among esbl-producing e. coli was identified in this study. in order to avoid treatment failures, we recommend using phenotypic and molecular methods to diagnose these enzymes and qnr genes. results the highest sensitivity was seen to imipenem (96.7...

infectious diseases are one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality and the spread of resistant microorganisms is playing a significant role in this regard. the purpose of this study was to assess the trend in antimicrobial resistance of gram-positive bacteria at the main referral teaching hospital in tehran during a 4-year period. all patients' biological isolates such as blood, u...

background: acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic and gram-negative coccobacillus. this opportunistic pathogen infectivity, especially in the intensive care units of hospitals is extensive worldwide. due to the incremental pattern of antibiotic resistance, this study was carried out to track the class i, ii and iii integrons in acinetobacter baumannii isolated from hospitalized cases in m...

objective(s):helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) is a pathogenic bacterium that colonizes the stomachs of approximately 50% of the world’s population. resistance of h. pylori to antibiotics is considered as the main reason for the failure to eradicate this bacterium. the aim of this study was to determine the rate of resistant h. pylori strains to various antimicrobial agents in different areas of ...

background and objectives: the prevalence of vibrio parahaemolyticus has been reported from ponnani earlier, however incidence of multidrug resistant strains have been encountered recently in clinical laboratories. the source for such strains and their presence in this major fish landing centre has been investigated. materials and methods: antibiotic sensitivity tests on isolates of v. parahaem...