urban form has undergone tremendous changes throughout history. these changes have stemmed from various causes. technology has been one of the most influential forces in changing the face of cities, leaving different marks on the city form. in fact, technology has gained an increasingly more important and integrative role in bringing changes to the urban form. in addition, recent plethora of de...

Throughout the history of epidemiology, visualizations have been used as the interface between public-health professionals and epidemiological data. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the level of abstraction when using visualizations on routine infectious disease control. We developed three interactive visualization prototypes at increasing levels of abstraction to communicate ...

■ Abstract Traumatic injuries in ancient human skeletal remains are a direct source of evidence for testing theories of warfare and violence that are not subject to the interpretative difficulties posed by literary creations such as historical records and ethnographic reports. Bioarchaeological research shows that throughout the history of our species, interpersonal violence, especially among m...