The relative contributions of AT(1A) and AT(1B) receptors to afferent arteriolar autoregulatory capability and afferent and efferent arteriolar responses to ANG II are not known. Experiments were conducted in kidneys from wild-type (WT) and AT(1A)-/- mice utilizing the in vitro blood-perfused juxtamedullary nephron technique. Direct measurements of afferent (AAD) and efferent arteriolar diamete...

To quantitatively assess the role of Candida species in antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), stool samples from a total of 395 patients and control subjects were cultured in differential isolation medium: 98 patients had AAD, 93 patients were taking antibiotics but did not have diarrhea (A(+)D(-)), 97 patients were not taking antibiotics but had diarrhea (A(-)D(+)), and 107 patients were contr...

The human tyrosinase-derived peptide Y MDGTMSQV is presented on the surface of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A * 0201 1 melanomas and has been suggested to be a tumor antigen despite the fact that tyrosinase is also expressed in melanocytes. To gain information about immunoreactivity and self-tolerance to this antigen, we established a model using the murine tyrosinase-derive...

Relatively little is known about how genetic influences on alcohol abuse and dependence (AAD) change with age. We examined the change in influence of genetic and environmental factors which explain symptoms of AAD from adolescence into early adulthood. Symptoms of AAD were assessed using the four AAD screening questions of the CAGE inventory. Data were obtained up to six times by self-report qu...

BACKGROUND Cord blood (CB) viability determines product quality and varies with time and temperature of exposure before cryopreservation. Global viability assessment may not reflect viability of white blood cell (WBC) subsets, CD34+ cell viability, or hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells function. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We compared trypan blue (TB) and acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI...

Using indicators for the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as the a) OH-radical type (alpha-keto-gamma-methiolbutyric acid, KMB) or b) hypochlorous acid (1-amino-cyclopropyl-1-carboxylic acid, ACC) neutrophil activities can be both quantified and differentiated in whole blood via ethene production. Ethene is trapped in the head space of blood samples incubated in the presence of ...

BACKGROUND Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) use reduces mortality in patients with serious ventricular arrhythmias compared with antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) use. However, the relative impact of these therapies on self-perceived quality of life (QoL) is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Three self-administered instruments were used to measure generic and disease-specific QoL in Antiarrhyt...

Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) associates with exceptional susceptibility to develop other autoimmune conditions, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), marked by positive serum autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2A). Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is a new T1D autoantigen, encoded by the SLC30A8 gene. Its polymorphic variant rs1...