Backend geometries on chips contain a wide variety of features. We are developing a full-chip reliability simulator for low-k dielectric breakdown that takes into account the vulnerable area, linewidth, vias, and line edge roughness. The simulator provides a link between test structure results and predictions of chip dielectric lifetime. However, these factors may not be sufficient for large ch...

This paper studies the impact of equity considerations on the stability of international agreements between heterogeneous countries. We show that allowing countries to finance abatement projects in developing countries which, due to equity-reasons, have no binding emission targets can reduce the number of cooperating countries and thereby be welfare-decreasing. Equity-concerns in industrialized...

A graph is (k1, k2)-colorable if its vertex set can be partitioned into a graph with maximum degree at most k1 and and a graph with maximum degree at most k2. We show that every (C3, C4, C6)-free planar graph is (0, 6)-colorable. We also show that deciding whether a (C3, C4, C6)-free planar graph is (0, 3)-colorable is NP-complete.

What procedure should a monopolist selling a single object adopt in order to maximize revenue? In settings where potential buyers may derive beneficial externalities from the sale of the object to any one of them, we show that a simple take-it-or-leave-it exclusively to one buyer generates greatest revenue among all “standard selling procedures” a class of selling procedures that include all ty...

A ghost in the stable module category of a group G is a map between representations of G that is invisible to Tate cohomology. We show that the only non-trivial finite p-groups whose stable module categories have no non-trivial ghosts are the cyclic groups C2 and C3. We compare this to the situation in the derived category of a commutative ring. We also determine for which groups G the second p...

This paper presents results from a controlled laboratory study of bargaining behavior and dispute rates under three types of arbitration procedures. Two of these-conventional and final-offer arbitration-are commonly used in practice, while an innovative procedure called "Combined Arbitration" (Brams and Merrill 1986) is not currently used. Combined Arbitration combines the rules of the two most...

We show that the optimal prize structure of symmetric n-player Tullock tournaments assigns the entire prize pool to the winner, provided that a symmetric pure strategy equilibrium exists. If such an equilibrium fails to exist under the winner-take-all structure, we construct the optimal prize structure which improves existence conditions by dampening efforts. If no such optimal equilibrium exis...

and Applied Analysis 3 For the rest of the paper we need the following assumption: C3 0 < ∑m−2 i 1 αiφ1 ηi < 1. Lemma 2.2 see 1 . Assuming that (C2) and (C3) hold. Let y ∈ C ρ 0 , σ 1 . Then boundary value problem xΔ∇ t a t xΔ t b t x t y t 0, t ∈ 0, 1 T , x ( ρ 0 ) 0, x σ 1 m−2 ∑ i 1 αix ( ηi ) 2.3 is equivalent to integral equation

The cuticle covers the aerial parts of land plants, where it serves many important functions, including water retention. Here, a recessive cuticle mutant, eceriferum-ym (cer-ym), of Hordeum vulgare L. (barley) showed abnormally glossy spikes, sheaths, and leaves. The cer-ym mutant plant detached from its root system was hypersensitive to desiccation treatment compared with wild type plants, and...