Aflatoxins are potent carcinogenic and toxic substances that are produced primarily by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. We found that a bacterium remarkably inhibited production of norsolorinic acid, a precursor of aflatoxin, by A. parasiticus. This bacterium was identified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans based on its 16S ribosomal DNA sequence and was designated A. xylosoxidans NF...

the effect of thyme and ajowan essential oils (200µg/l and 300µg/l respectivilly ) on growth of aflatoxin-producing strain of aspergillus parasiticus on 2 stages of pistachio (green and with dry peel ) was studied . also organoleptic tests for evaluating odor and flavor residual of essential oils on pistachio were also performed tested . the collected data were statistically analyzed. the resul...

Biosynthesis of active secondary metabolites by fungi occurs as a specific response to the different growing environments. Changes in this environment alter the chemical and biological profiles leading to metabolites diversification and consequently to novel pharmacological applications. In this work, it was studied the influence of three parameters (fermentation length, medium composition and ...

Garlic (Allium sativum) has been used worldwide to fight microbial infections. Allium sativum, in vegetable form, exhibits a high potential against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In the current study, antimicrobial effects of pure juice, aqueous extract, ethanolic dried powder garlic various concentrations (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, respectively) Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus au...

Objective(s): The enzymatic activity of fungi has recently inspired the scientists with reexplore the fungi as potential biofactories rather than the causing agents of humans and plants infections. In very recent years, fungi are considered as worthy, applicable and available candidates for synthesis of smaller gold, silver and other nano-sized particles. Materials and Methods: A standard strai...

Aflatoxins are a family of related bisfuranocoumarin compounds produced by fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. It has been reported that out of the known strains of A. flavus and A. parasiticus, only about one-half produce toxins. In present study the occurrence of total aflatoxin contamination in Indian maize samples collected from local market of Lucknow city were investigated by com...

Peanuts, cottonseed, rice, and sorghum from Texas were sampled over a 3-year period. To insure adequate isolation of alfatoxin-producing species of fungi, low-quality lots were sampled at a rate greater than their respective proportional representation. Aflatoxins were found each year in peanut and cottonseed and were found in 2 of 3 years in rice and sorghum. Aflatoxins were detected in all fo...

the antifungal potential of essential oils of thyme (thymus vulgaris l.), rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis l.), and laurel (laurus nobilis l.) was determined. to establish this antifungal potential, two molds related to feed spoilage, namely, aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus, were selected. the agar dilution method was employed for the determination of antifungal activities. the i...

Aflatoxins(AF) are highly poisonous secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. They have been found in moldy human food and animal feeds and have been implicated in numerous animal disorders. A. parasiticus produces four major aflatoxins: B1 , B2 , G1 and G2 , while AFB1 is the most toxic in the group and the toxicity is in the order of B1 > G1 > B2 > G2. ...