نتایج جستجو برای: a coloring agent
تعداد نتایج: 13463195 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Abstract Background and purpose: Safety control in edible oil industry regarding its pollution to heavy metals is one of the most important factors in maintaining the health of people and assuring their safety. This research aimed at evaluating the effect of production process of sunflower oil on its lead and arsenic content. Materials and methods: All sunflower samples were collected from ...
A star coloring of a graph is a proper vertex-coloring such that no path on four vertices is 2-colored. We prove that the vertices of every bipartite planar graph can be star colored from lists of size 14, and we give an example of a bipartite planar graph that requires at least 8 colors to star color.
Let G be a connected graph. Let f be a proper k -coloring of G and Π = (R_1, R_2, . . . , R_k) bean ordered partition of V (G) into color classes. For any vertex v of G, define the color code c_Π(v) of v with respect to Π to be a k -tuple (d(v, R_1), d(v, R_2), . . . , d(v, R_k)), where d(v, R_i) is the min{d(v, x)|x ∈ R_i}. If distinct vertices have distinct color codes, then we call f a locat...
In this paper, we deal with the notion of star coloring of graphs. A star coloring of an undirected graph G is a proper vertex coloring of G (i.e., no two neighbors are assigned the same color) such that any path of length 3 in G is not bicolored. We give the exact value of the star chromatic number of different families of graphs such as trees, cycles, complete bipartite graphs, outerplanar gr...
In this paper, the on-line list colouring of binomial random graphs G (n, p) is studied. We show that the on-line choice number of G (n, p) is asymptotically almost surely asymptotic to the chromatic number of G (n, p), provided that the average degree d = p(n − 1) tends to infinity faster than (log logn)(logn)n. For sparser graphs, we are slightly less successful; we show that if d ≥ (logn) fo...
In the minimum sum edge coloring problem, we aim to assign natural numbers to edges of a graph, so that adjacent edges receive different numbers, and the sum of the numbers assigned to the edges is minimum. The chromatic edge strength of a graph is the minimum number of colors required in a minimum sum edge coloring of this graph. We study the case of multicycles, defined as cycles with paralle...
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