Oestrogen protects the heart from ischaemic injury. The current study aims to characterise two novel oestrogen receptor (ER) ligands, an ERa agonist ERA-45 and an ERb antagonist ERB-88, and then use them to investigate the roles of ERa and ERb in mediating the cardioprotection by E from ischaemia– reperfusion injury in the rat. The ER ligands were characterised by gene transactivation assay usi...