We study Refer-to-as relations as a new type of semantic knowledge. Compared to the much studied Is-a relation, which concerns factual taxonomic knowledge,Refer-to-as relations aim to address pragmatic semantic knowledge. For example, a “penguin” is a “bird” from a taxonomic point of view, but people rarely refer to a “penguin” as a “bird” in vernacular use. This observation closely relates to ...

Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as refer...

This review article outlines the significance and defines the skills important for the diagnosis and recognition of common innocent cardiac murmurs in childhood. The origin of heart sounds and murmurs is reviewed, and an approach to pediatric murmur evaluation is presented. The seven innocent murmurs of childhood and adolescence are reviewed in detail. Further diagnostic evaluation and referral...

introduction tourism is one of the world's largest industries, generating. 11.1% of global gdp, nearly employing 260 million people and annual turnover about 4.5 trillion dollars. in other words, the tourism accounted for 8 percent of total global employment offers. in 80 percent countries in the world, or in more than 150 countries, the tourism is among the five most important sources of ...

conclusions psychiatric, neurological, gastrointestinal, and respiratory diseases are the most frequent reasons of referring patients to iran. more accuracy in screening and care of patients are recommended before hajj in order to prevent references to iran and its complications. results a total of 106 cases were referred iran during hajj 2012. psychiatric problems, with 26.4% allocated the hig...