Prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) and arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) are enzymes relevant to prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis, both important pathways for colon cancer risk. We hypothesized that genetic variation altering the function of these enzymes would modify risk of colorectal polyps. In a Minnesota-based case-control study of adenomatous (n = 517) or hyperplastic (n = 192) polyps ...

BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-6 is a regulatory cytokine for T helper type 17 (Th17) and Treg cells and a potent stimulus for B/plasma cells. The current study evaluated the effect of IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) blockade with an antiYIL-6R monoclonal (mMR16-1) in alloantibody recall responses. METHODS A mouse model of human leukocyte antigen (HLA).A2 sensitization was used for studies to evaluate the...

Receptor usage by viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6), a virokine encoded by Kaposi sarcoma- associated herpesvirus, is an issue of controversy. Recently, the crystal structure of vIL-6 identified vIL-6 sites II and III as directly binding to glycoprotein (gp)130, the common signal transducer for the IL-6 family of cytokines. Site I of vIL-6, however, comprising the outward helical face of vIL-6, where...

The stereoselective reaction of an allyl bromide with an aldehyde mediated by a low valency bismuth species was the key reaction in stereoselective syntheses of (4S,6R,8R,10S,16S)- and (4S,6R,8R,10S,16R)-4,6,8,10,16-pentamethyldocosanes. (13)C NMR data for these compounds confirmed that the cuticular hydrocarbon isolated from the cane beetle Antitrogus parvulus was the (4S,6R,8R,10S,16S)-stereo...

In advanced industry manufacturing involving robotic operations, the required tasks can be frequently formulated in terms of a path or trajectory tracking. In this paper, an approach based on sliding mode conditioning of a path parametrization is proposed to achieve the greatest tracking speed which is compatible with the robot input constraints (joint speeds). Some distinctive features of the ...

The secondary T790M mutation in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the major mechanism of acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although irreversible EGFR TKIs, such as afatinib or dacomitinib, have been introduced to overcome the acquired resistance, they showed a limited efficacy in NSCLC with T790M. Herein, we identified t...

Increased inflammatory response plays a significant role in the vascular pathophysiology in preeclampsia. However, the mechanism for increased inflammatory response in preeclampsia is largely unknown. Interleukin (IL)-6 levels are elevated in women with preeclampsia. IL-6 and its receptors, IL-6R and glycoprotein (gp)130, play a critical role in mediating antiinflammatory response via induction...

Increased inflammatory response plays a significant role in the vascular pathophysiology in preeclampsia. However, the mechanism for increased inflammatory response in preeclampsia is largely unknown. Interleukin (IL)-6 levels are elevated in women with preeclampsia. IL-6 and its receptors, IL-6R and glycoprotein (gp)130, play a critical role in mediating antiinflammatory response via induction...

Expression patterns of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), and gp130 genes in 39 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), in 23 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and in 7 patients with acute mixed lineage leukemia (AMLL) were studied by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Significant levels of IL-6 were expressed in 8 (21%) of 39 AML patient...

In this study we aimed to examine a role for interleukin 6 (IL-6) and its receptor (IL-6R) in peripheral nerve regeneration in vivo. We first observed that cultured mouse embryonic dorsal root ganglia exhibited dramatic neurite extension by simultaneous addition of IL-6 and soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R), a complex that is known to interact with and activate a signal transducing receptor component, gp1...