The expression of myeloid and megakaryocytic markers of differentiation has been studied in one K-562 cell subline, in its clones, and in the original cell line. Cytotoxicity, electron micros copy, immunofluorescence studies with a panel of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, and radioimmunoassays were performed on K-562 cells before and after induction with hemin, sodium butyrate, and 12-O-t...

Although mRNA for the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR-alpha) is expressed in many different myeloid leukemias, most of these leukemia cells exhibit little if any phenotypic response when exposed to retinoic acid (RA). To determine whether such RA resistance is related to altered RA receptor structure or function, we performed a detailed analysis of nuclear RA receptors in RA-resistant K-562 c...

Device implantation is a relatively low-risk procedure, however generator pocket complications can still occur. In this case, the device site was complicated by thoracic duct chylous extravasation leading to lymphatic drainage into pocket. Case Report A 55-year-old male with ischemic congestive heart failure and reduced ejection fraction of 30-35% left bundle branch block >150 milliseconds pres...

In this issue, Bath et al. use state of the art meta-analytical tools to address the pressing question of why NXY-059, a compound at the time considered to fulfil all the recommendations for the evaluation of preclinical data regarding neuroprotective drugs, has failed clinically. They demonstrate quantitatively that a negative publication bias existed, that the compound was indeed neuroprotect...

There have been numerous failures in the field of acute stroke therapy over many years, but the first large clinical trial showing preliminary indications of efficacy and safety of a neuroprotective drug, NXY-059, has now been fully reported. If confirmed, it will mean that a second therapy for acute stroke has been identified and neuroprotective drug development as a class can proceed. Additio...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A variety of primary end points have been used in acute stroke trials. We focus on the modified Rankin Scale, a reliable and valid ordinal outcome measure that assesses disability on a 7-point scale. METHODS We provide an abbreviated discussion of analytical methods for ordinal scales, and related effect size measures; we illustrate these methods and their interpretatio...