Article J-S Borghetti/S Whittaker (eds), French Civil Liability in Comparative Perspective (Hart 2019). 521 pp. ISBN 978-1-5099-2727-2. £ 90.00 (hardback). was published on September 1, 2021 the journal Journal of European Tort Law (volume 12, issue 2).

An oak tree growing in a meadow has a relatively short trunk and a familiar structure of wide branching limbs that can easily be recognised. However, when oaks grow in forests they compete with each other and develop long straight trunks; they have an appearance that is totally different from the same species growing in open country. One of us, on a family holiday in Greece, collected two tiny ...

A two player game (or more correctly, a two player normal-form game) is specified by two m × n payoff matrices R and C corresponding to the row and column player respectively. Each of these matrices has m rows corresponding to the m strategies of the row player and n columns corresponding to the n strategies of the column payer. The row player picks a row i ∈ [m], and the column player picks a ...

So wrote Friedrich Nietzsche in 1873, as part of his ironic response to the success of the Philosophy of the Unconscious (Philosophie des Unbewussten, 1869), written by the Berlin philosopher Eduard von Hartmann. If the influence of a concept can be gauged by the way in which it is received by the public at large, if not in academic circles, then Hartmann’s volume, which ran to some eleven edit...

Designers have tried for many years to apply noncircular gears in automatic machines and instruments. The obstacle was the lack of effective methods of generation of noncircular gears similar to those applied for the generation of circular gears. However, researchers have continued the investigation of application of noncircular gears – see the earlier works by Burmester (Burmester, 1888), Golb...

Abelian group, 278 acceptance probability, 24, 37, 246 adaptive Metropolis algorithm, 33 Akaike’s information criterion, 209, 320 alpha-beta recursion, 11, 390 annealed importance sampling, 321 aperiodic chain, 23 APF, see auxiliary particle filter AR model, see autoregressive model assumed density filtering, 17, 143, 388 autoregressive hidden Markov model, 185 autoregressive model, 4, 9, 111 a...

Articular chondrocytes are responsible for the maintenance of healthy articulations; indeed, dysregulation of their functions, including the production of matrix proteins and matrix-remodeling proteases, may result in fraying of the tissue and development of osteoarthritis (OA). To explore transcriptional mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of chondrocyte homeostasis and may be implica...

INTRODUCTION The ablation gaps have been known as the main mechanism of recurrence as atrial tachycardia (AT) rather than atrial fibrillation (AF) after AF catheter ablation. However, AF organization due to reduction of critical mass or focal trigger may also be the mechanism of AT recurrence. We sought to find out the main clinical factors of recurrence as AT rather than AF after AF ablation i...

Meredith et al. (Reports, 28 October 2011, p. 521) question three findings of our delayed-rise hypothesis for present-day mammals made with reference to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (KPg) boundary, based on their new time tree of the group. We show that their own data do not support their objections and that the macroevolutionary patterns from the respective phylogenies are not statistically differ...