Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common life-threatening hereditary disease in the USA. In human ADPKD studies, sirolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitor, had little therapeutic effect. While sirolimus robustly inhibits mTORC1, it has a minimal effect on mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). Polycystic kidneys of Pkd2WS25/- mice, an orthologous m...

Rapamycin and its analogues have significant antiproliferative action against a variety of tumors. However, sensitivity to rapamycin is reduced by Akt activation that results from the ablative effects of rapamycin on a p70 S6K-induced negative feedback loop that blunts phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated support for Akt activity. Thus, sensitivity to rapamycin might be increased by imposi...

Gastric mucosal inflammatory response to H. pylori and its key virulence factor, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are characterized by a massive rise in apoptosis and the disturbances in NO signaling pathways. Here, we report that H. pylori LPS-induced enhancement in the mucosal inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was associated with the suppression in Akt kinase activity and the impairment in cons...

PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 10q23 that encodes a protein and phospholipid phosphatase. Somatic mutations of PTEN are found in a number of human malignancies, and loss of expression, or mutational inactivation of PTEN, leads to the constitutive activation of protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt via enhanced phosphorylation of Thr-308 and Ser-473. We recently have demonstrated tha...

The species formed by exposure of a Pd/ceria catalyst to SO2 under various conditions have been studied using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and FTIR. For adsorption of SO2 between 298 and 473 K, a molecular SO2 species adsorbs on the surface, possibly as a surface sulfite; and this species converts to a sulfate above 473 K. Exposure of Pd/ceria to SO2 at temperatures above 473 K in th...

Insulin signaling was examined in muscle made insulin resistant by short-term (24-h) denervation. Insulin-stimulated glucose transport in vitro was reduced by 28% (P < 0.05) in denervated muscle (DEN). In control muscle (SHAM), insulin increased levels of surface-detectable GLUT-4 (i.e., translocated GLUT-4) 1.8-fold (P < 0.05), whereas DEN surface GLUT-4 was not increased by insulin (P > 0.05)...

BACKGROUND Two recent studies demonstrated that bariatric surgery induced remission of type 2 diabetes very soon after surgery and far too early to be attributed to weight loss. In this study, we sought to explore the mechanism/s of this phenomenon by testing the effects of proteins from the duodenum-jejunum conditioned-medium (CM) of db/db or Swiss mice on glucose uptake in vivo in Swiss mice ...