A 60Co source was used to determine the effects of thermoradiation on Achromobacter aquamarinus, Staphylococcus aureus, and vegetative and spore cells of Bacillus subtilis var. globigii. The rate of inactivation of these cultures, except vegetative-cell populations of B. subtilis, was exponential and in direct proportion to temperature. The D10 (dose that inactivates 90% of the microbial popula...

Environmental cues often trigger memories of past events (associative retrieval), and these memories are a form of prediction about imminent experience. Learning is driven by the detection of prediction violations, when the past and present diverge. Using intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG), we show that associative prediction violations elicit increased low-frequency power (in the slow-...

False memories are often demonstrated using the misinformation paradigm, in which a person's recollection of a witnessed event is altered after exposure to misinformation about the event. The neural basis of this phenomenon, however, remains unknown. We used fMRI to investigate encoding processes during the viewing of an event and misinformation to see whether neural activity during either enco...

Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 5.3 5 to 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5.9 10 to 14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 7.2 15 to 19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 7.4 20 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

olive oil is one of the oldest known vegetable oils, ranking sixth in world production. since it is extractedfrom fresh fruit and used without aging, the conditions of oil production are very important. during theextraction of virgin olive oil, the milling and malaxation steps are vital for increasing oil yield and quality.in this study, the effect of milling (single or double), temperature of ...

Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 9.3 5 to 9 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 11.2 10 to 14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 11.2 15 to 19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8.7 20 to 24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

We investigated the topographic and laminar organization of the intrinsic projections and interconnections of the macaque monkey perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices. Discrete anterograde tracer injections placed at various rostrocaudal and mediolateral levels in these cortices revealed extensive associational connections both within and between the perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices. A...

We investigated changes in the relative contributions of respiratory evaporative water loss (REWL) and cutaneous evaporative water loss (CEWL) to total evaporative water loss (TEWL) in response to short-term thermal acclimation in western white-winged doves Zenaida asiatica mearnsii. We measured REWL, CEWL, oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production in a partitioned chamber using flow-thr...