The exodus of people from rural areas to cities brings many detrimental environmental, social and cultural consequences. Monitoring spatiotemporal change by referencing the historical timeline or incidence has become an important way to analyze urbanization. This study has attempted to attain the cross-sectional analysis of Kathmandu valley that has been plagued by rampant urbanization over the...

the inappropriate space distribution of rural services causes many problems, including loss of adoptness, and unfair distribution of services according to the existing capacities. in this research, the studied region is “dehdez” zone of “izeh” province,”khuzestan” state. the goal of the present paper is to prpvide an optimal and ideal location finding of rural services centers in dehdez zone, i...

Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and patas (Erythrocebus patas) monkeys escaped to the mainland of southwestern Puerto Rico (SWPR) from research colonies on small offshore islands during the 1960s and through 1982. A three year study (1990-1993) combined radio-telemetry with visual observations to collect information on population sizes, the composition of social groups, their daily movements, and their...

Home range size is a fundamental concept for understanding animal dispersion and ecological needs, and it is one of the most commonly reported ecological attributes of free-ranging mammals. Previous studies indicate that red foxes Vulpes vulpes display great variability in home range size. Yet, there has been little consensus regarding the reasons why home range sizes of red foxes vary so exten...

Aquaculture has grown rapidly over the last three decades expanding at an average annual growth rate of 5.8% (2005-2014), down from 8.8% achieved between 1980 and 2010. The sector now produces 44% of total food fish production. Increasing demand and consumption from a growing global population are driving further expansion of both inland and marine aquaculture (i.e., mariculture, including mari...

An increasing number of permanent soil moisture measurement networks are nowadays providing the means for validating new remotely sensed soil moisture estimates such as those provided by the ESA’s Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. Two types of in situ measurement networks can be found: small-scale (100-10000 km2), which provide multiple ground measurements within a single satelli...

Tropical forests and the animals they support are being threatened by accelerating rates of forest conversion and degradation. In a continually fluctuating sociopolitical world, it is often impossible to protect areas from such conversion until the political environment is suitable to pursue conservation goals, by which time, the forests have often been converted to other uses. This reality sug...

Carnivores are widely hunted for both sport and population control, especially where they conflict with human interests. It is widely believed that sport hunting is effective in reducing carnivore populations and related human-carnivore conflicts, while maintaining viable populations. However, the way in which carnivore populations respond to harvest can vary greatly depending on their social s...

Abstract. Hydraulic bankfull geometry or regional curves are a useful metric for evaluating stream stability and planning stream restoration projects. Streams and tributaries within the Middle Pee Dee River Basin (MPDRB) in South Carolina drain an agrarian and forested landscape characterized by water conveyance structures, such as active and historical ditches which support forestry and agricu...

Recovery of large carnivores remains a challenge because complex spatial dynamics that facilitate population persistence are poorly understood. In particular, recovery of the critically endangered red wolf (Canis rufus) has been challenging because of its vulnerability to extinction via human-caused mortality and hybridization with coyotes (Canis latrans). Therefore, understanding red wolf spac...