Little is known about whether events in youth impact performance in old age. We examined spatial navigation in young (4.5 months) and middle-aged (9 months) CD-1 mice in a complex maze after treatment with 3-nitropropionate (3-np; 20 mg/kg body weight; 9 injections intraperitoneally [i.p.] every other day). Young mice treated with 3-np were examined in a mirror version of this maze in old age (...

C57BL mice, upon immunization with chicken ),-globulin conjugated with (4hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl) acetyl (NP), a produced anti-NP antibodies having higher affinity for a cross-reactive analogue, (4-hydroxy-5-iodo-3-nitrophenyl) acetyl (NIP), than for NP itself (1). Furthermore, these "heteroclitic" antibodies share a set of common idiotypes, the predominant idiotype in primary B6 anti-NP antibodi...

3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP)-induced neurotoxicity causes a cellular energy deficit and oxidative stress via an irreversible inhibition of the mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Systemic administration of 3-NP causes motor and cognitive deficits, particularly those associated with excessive free radical generation. Recently, carvedilol has been implicated as a neuroprotectant i...

To isolate a nonylphenol (NP)-degrading bacterium, we isolated a single colony from the NP-degrading microbial consortium SW-3, which was previously isolated from an aqueous environment. Ten colonies that exhibited different cell morphologies were isolated and the strains were named SW-3-A, -B, -C, -D, -E, -F1, -F2, -G, -H, and -I. The ability of isolates to degrade NP was evaluated by kinetic ...

We investigate a number of coloring problems restricted to bipartite graphs with bounded diameter. First, we the $k$-List Coloring, $k$-Coloring, and $k$-Precoloring Extension on diameter at most $d$, proving $\textsf{NP}$-completeness in cases, leaving open only List $3$-Coloring $3$-Precoloring when $d=3$.
 Some these results are obtained $\textsc{through}$ proof that Surjective $C_6$-Ho...