It is now more than 60 years since the polio epidemic in Denmark in 1952 that led, at least partly, to the development of artificial ventilation.1 In the report of that epidemic, Lassen stated that “A good humidifier is essential: otherwise incrustation of secretions may occur.” Subsequent to the polio epidemic, a heated humidifier was described by Marshall and Spalding in 1953,2 and Drägerwerk...

A pond heat and temperature regulation (PHATR) model was designed to: (1) predict the temperature for earthen outdoor aquaculture ponds and (2) determine the size of energy transfer mechanisms affecting energy gains or losses for these ponds. The model solves a first order, no-linear differential equation using a 4th order Runge-Kutta numerical method and various input data (weather data, pond ...

Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS), a chronic shoulder pain condition, often stems from repetitive overhead activities. In the current report, the author presents 2 cases of SIS. In the first, a woman with a history of SIS found that physical therapy and subacromial steroid injections, while effective, were problematic for long-term use. Previous use in the author's practice demonstrated conve...

We performed an oral food challenge (OFC) with 10 g of butter (equivalent of 2.9 mL cow's milk) and 25-mL heated cow's milk for 68 children with cow's milk-allergy. Thirty-eight children reacted only to heated cow's milk. Twenty-four children reacted to neither heated milk nor butter. Thirty-eight (86.4%) of 44 patients with positive results to the OFC for heated milk could safely tolerate butt...

There are conflicting data on the effect of adding a heated humidifier to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). The effects of heated humidification on sleep quality and treatment side-effects for patients who prefer a cold bedroom environment have not been studied. A randomised, controlled crossover trial involving ...

Seventeen healthy preterm babies had extra warmth provided in their cots by thermocontrolled, heated, water filled mattresses. As controls 17 babies of the same weight were nursed in air heated incubators. Both groups were studied for three weeks. No differences were found in minimal oxygen consumption (measured by indirect calorimetry), rectal and mean skin temperatures, or in daily weight gai...

Naja naja snake venom presents abundant thermostable peptides. Many of them possess useful pharmacological activity that may be employed for drug development. For the proteomic characterization of such toxins, in the present study, Naja naja venom solution was heated up to 100°C for 10, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 300 minutes and protein fractions of non-heated and heated venom were analyzed by twodim...

The effect of heating on the refractive index (RI) and trace elemental compositions of glass was investigated in order to develop an accurate discrimination method of glass fragments exposed to the high temperature of fire on illegal entrance into a crime scene for robbery. Fragments taken from 5 different sheet glasses were subjected to RI measurement and analysis of trace elements using ICP-M...

A novel optical diagnostic technique, Molecular Tagging Velocimetry and Thermometry (MTV&T), was used for qualitative flow visualization and quantitative simultaneous measurements of velocity and temperature fields in the wake of a heated cylinder. The experiment was conducted in a water channel with the heated cylinder placed horizontally in the middle of the water channel, and the flow being ...

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) can cause undesirable nasal symptoms, such as congestion to obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients, whose symptoms can be attenuated by the addition of heated humidification. However, neither the nature of nasal symptoms nor the effect of heated humidification on nasal pathophysiology and pathology are convincingly known. 20 patients with OSA on...