Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium antagonists are effective agents for controlling high blood pressure in diabetic patients. We selected 30 type II diabetic patients with proteinuria and evaluated the effect of these drugs on renal function and proteinuria. In a double-blind trial, patients received either 40 mg/day enalapril or 40 mg/day nifedipine during 12 months. They als...

BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk factor for the development of type II diabetes and it causes maternal and child morbidity. Screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important because patients who develop DR have no symptoms until macular edema and/or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) are already present. The aim of this study was to determine the early retinal f...

BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a loss of muscle mass but the impact of fasting blood glucose (FBG) on body composition remains underappreciated in pre-diabetic subjects. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of FBG on lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM) and their distribution (trunk vs. appendicular), separately in middle-age...

The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of and the host factors for asymptomatic pyuria (ASP) in women with type 2 diabetes. The study included 179 type 2 diabetic women and consecutive 455 non-diabetic women attending as out-patients in 1996. Patients with symptoms of a urinary tract infection were excluded. ASP was defined as the presence of more than 10 leukocytes/high-p...

Using 1000 successive points of a pulse wave velocity (PWV) series, we previously distinguished healthy from diabetic subjects with multi-scale entropy (MSE) using a scale factor of 10. One major limitation is the long time for data acquisition (i.e., 20 min). This study aimed at validating the sensitivity of a novel method, short time MSE (sMSE) that utilized a substantially smaller sample siz...

OBJECTIVE Older patients with type 2 diabetes are at a particularly high risk for severe hypoglycemic episodes, and experimental studies in healthy subjects hint at a reduced awareness of hypoglycemia in aged humans. However, subjective responses to hypoglycemia have rarely been assessed in older type 2 diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We tested hormonal, subjective, and cognitive...

OBJECTIVE To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes of fetal macrosomia in diabetic and nondiabetic women. METHODS A retrospective case-control study was conducted at Riyadh Military Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from January 2004 to December 2006. A total of 766 macrosomic newborns met the inclusion criteria. We compared maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes between ...

BACKGROUND Adiponectin, a novel adipocyte-derived collagen-like protein, is the gene product of the adipose most-abundant gene transcript 1 (apM1), which has been considered to have anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. OBJECTIVE To characterize the relationship between adiponectin and leptin, the ob gene product, in normal-weight and obese women. DESIGN AND METHODS In this cross-...