This paper presents compact message formats for onion routing circuit construction using the Sphinx methodology developed for mixes. We significantly compress the circuit construction messages for three onion routing protocols that have emerged as enhancements to the Tor anonymizing network; namely, Tor with predistributed DiffieHellman values, pairing-based onion routing, and certificateless o...

Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a worldwide pest of onion, Allium cepa L., can reduce onion yield by > 50% and be even more problematic when it transmits Iris yellow spot virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus, IYSV). Because T. tabaci is difficult to control with insecticides and other strategies, field studies on onion, Allium cepa L., resistance to T. ta...

Background. Post-midsternotomy hypertrophic scars can lead to remarkable morbidities such as pigmentation alteration, pain, tenderness, induration, itching, and erythema so that they may be cosmetically and emotionally unacceptable to the patient undergoing midsternotomy. Initially, wound healing is induced rapidly with re-epithelialization, whereas tissue remodeling occurs several months later...

Onion intake might reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, according to epidemiology. However, Femia showed in 2003 that diets with 20% onion increase carcinogenesis in rats. We speculated this dose was too high. Prevention of initiation was thus tested in sixty rats given a 5% dried onion diet or AIN76 diet, and initiated 12d later with azoxymethane (AOM, 1x20mg/kg i.p.), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo...

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of onion (Allium cepa L.) against hyperglycaemia and dyslipidemia and determine possible changes in these effects due to different heat treatments applied to onion. Materials and Methods: 32 male Wistar-albino rats were divided into 4 groups as follows: the groups C and DC were fed with standard rat diet;...

Onion Routing is an infrastructure for private communication over a public network. It provides anonymous connections that are strongly resistant to both eavesdropping and tra c analysis. Thus it hides not only the data being sent, but who is talking to whom. Onion Routing's anonymous connections are bidirectional and near real-time, and can be used anywhere a socket connection can be used. Pro...

The protective effects of onion was assessed in the Kidney of rats following sub-acute exposure to cyanide. These effects were compared to those of sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3), a classical antidote of cyanide toxicity. The rats were divided into 6 groups of 6 animals each. Group 1 was administered distilled water, Group 2,3,4, 5, and 6 were administered 600 mg onion/kg bwt/day, 7 mg KCN/kg bw...

This paper presents compact message formats for onion routing circuit construction using the Sphinx methodology developed for mixes. We significantly compress the circuit construction messages for three onion routing protocols that have emerged as enhancements to the Tor anonymizing network; namely, Tor with predistributed Diffie-Hellman values, pairing-based onion routing, and certificateless ...

In this note we classify all triples (a, b, i) such that there is a convex lattice polygon P with area a, and p respectively i lattice points on the boundary respectively in the interior. The crucial lemma for the classification is the necessity of b ≤ 2 i+7. We sketch three proofs of this fact: the original one by Scott [Sco76], an elementary one, and one using algebraic geometry. As a refinem...

Tor is a real-world, circuit-based low-latency anonymous communication network, supporting TCP applications over the Internet. In this paper, we present a new class of attacks, protocol-level attacks, against Tor. Different from existing attacks, these attacks can confirm anonymous communication relationships quickly and accurately by manipulating one single cell and pose a serious threat again...