The effect of butanol challenge (0, 1.0, 1.5% [vol/vol]) and growth temperature (22, 37, 42°C) on the membrane composition and fluidity of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 and a butanol-tolerant mutant, SA-2, was examined in chemically defined medium. Growth of strain ATCC 824 into the stationary phase coincided with a gradual increase in the percent saturated to percent unsaturated (SU) fat...

High-speed gas sampling experiments to measure the intermediate products formed during fuel decomposition remain challenging yet important experimental objectives. This article presents new speciation data on two important fuel reference compounds, n-heptane and n-butanol, at practical thermodynamic conditions of 700 K and 9 atm, for stoichiometric fuel-to-oxygen ratios and a dilution of 5.64 (...

Biphasic organosolv treatment for soft- and hardwood using water/1-butanol was unique based on the correlation between liquid-phase states solubility of co-solvents when compared with a monophasic water/ethanol system. First, Pro II process simulator showed that exhibited biphasic system in range 1.6–19.0 mol/mol at temperature 473 K. In addition, evaluated Hildebrand parameter (?), which indic...

Clostridium acetobutylicum is an organism involved in the production of acetone and butanol by traditional acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation (ABE). We report the draft genome sequence of C. acetobutylicum strain GXAS18-1, which can produce ABE directly from cassava flour.

1-Butanol, an important chemical feedstock and advanced biofuel, is produced by Clostridium species. Various efforts have been made to transfer the clostridial 1-butanol pathway into other microorganisms. However, in contrast to similar compounds, only limited titers of 1-butanol were attained. In this work, we constructed a modified clostridial 1-butanol pathway in Escherichia coli to provide ...

We conduct an experimental study of the dependence of single bubble sonoluminescence intensity on the concentration of various alcohols. The light intensity is reduced by one-half at a molar fraction of ethanol of approximately 2.5x10(-5); butanol achieves the same reduction at a concentration 10 times smaller. We account for the results by a theoretical model in which the alcohols are assumed ...

Gating of voltage-gated K(+) channels (K(v) channels) depends on the electromechanical coupling between the voltage sensor and activation gate. The main activation gate of K(v) channels involves the COOH-terminal section of the S6 segment (S6-b) and the S4-S5 linker at the intracellular mouth of the pore. In this study, we have expanded our earlier work to probe the concerted contribution of th...

In the title benzamide derivative, C(11)H(14)ClNO, the chloro-benzene and butyl-amine groups are each planar, with mean deviations from the planes of 0.013 and 0.030 Å, respectively, and a dihedral angle of 2.54 (9)° between the two planes. In the crystal structure, N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules in rows along a. Short inter-molecular Cl⋯Cl inter-actions [3.4225 (5) Å] link these rows int...

Some phthalates are developmental and reproductive toxicants in animals. Exposure to phthalates is considered to be potentially harmful to human health as well. Based on a comprehensive literature research, we present an overview of the sources of human phthalate exposure and results of exposure assessments with special focus on human biomonitoring data. Among the general population, there is w...

This work proves for the first time the bioelectrochemical production of butyrate from CO2 as a sole carbon source. The highest concentration of butyrate achieved was 20.2 mMC, with a maximum butyrate production rate of 1.82 mMC d(-1). The electrochemical characterisation demonstrated that the CO2 reduction to butyrate was hydrogen driven. Production of ethanol and butanol was also observed ope...