Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance abuse may abuse benzodiazepines and develop violent dyscontrol when using them. A total of 370 veterans were compared by substance abuse diagnosis (50%), benzodiazepine use (36%), and their interaction on 1-year outcomes after inpatient discharge. Substance abusers were less likely to be prescribed benzodiazepines (26% vs. 45%). N...

Recent developments of benzodiazepine receptor imaging (123I-Iomazenil SPECT and 11C-Flumazenil PET) in neuropsychiatric disorders were reviewed. In focal epilepsy, a number of previous studies have reported a decreased benzodiazepine receptor binding in epileptic foci and greater sensitivity compared to regional cerebral blood flow imaging, especially for diagnosis of medial temporal lobe epil...

Barbiturates enhance the binding of [3H]diazepam to benzodiazepine receptor sites in rat brain. This effect occurs at pharmacologically relevant concentrations of barbiturates, and the relative activity of a series of compounds correlates highly with anesthetic activity of the barbiturates and with their ability to enhance postsynaptic inhibitory responses to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobut...

Despite the widespread prescribing of benzodiazepines, uncertainty still surrounds the potential for cognitive impairment following their long-term use. Furthermore, the degree of recovery that may take place after withdrawal or the level of residual impairment, if any, that is maintained in long-term benzodiazepine users is also unclear. The current paper employed meta-analytic techniques to a...

two novel 3-amino-5-(4-choloro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-4h-1,2,4-triazole derivatives were prepared and their anticonvulsant activity was measured by evaluation of the ability of these compounds to protect mice against convulsion induced by lethal doses of pentylenetetrazole (ptz). diazepam (sigma) was considered as a positive control drug with anticonvulsant effect [ed50 = 1.2 (0.5-1.9) mg/kg]. amongs...

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of non-benzodiazepine hypnotics in treatment myasthenia gravis (MG) patients with insomnia. Methods is a prospective longitudinal study. Outpatients who met criteria for stable MG insomnia diagnosis according International Classification Sleep Disorders (third edition) were included They took regular dose (zolpidem 10 mg per night ...

The reaction of 1,5-dibenzyl-3-propargyl-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-dione with 1-azido-n-octane in the presence of catalysts leads to the formation of the title compound, C(34)H(39)N(5)O(2), which features a phenyl-ene ring fused with a seven-membered diazepinyl ring. The latter ring adopts a boat conformation with the octyltriazolylmethyl-bearing C atom as the prow and the fused-ring C atoms as th...

The subcellular localization of central-type benzodiazepine receptors in bovine cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, and corpus striatum has been studied. In all regions except for the corpus striatum, benzodiazepine receptors are most highly enriched in purified postsynaptic densities (PSDs) prepared by Triton X-100/hypotonic lysis of purified synaptosomal plasma membranes. Benzodiazepine...

A significant link was previously established between benzodiazepine withdrawal anxiety and a progressive increase in α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) potentiation in hippocampal CA1 neurons from rats withdrawn up to 2 days from 1-week oral administration of the benzodiazepine flurazepam (FZP). Despite AMPAR current potentiation, withdrawal anxiety was maske...

Chronic benzodiazepine treatment can produce tolerance and changes in g-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors. To study the effect of treatment on a selected population of receptors, assays were performed using [H]RY-80, which is selective for GABAA receptors with an a5 subunit. Rats were given a flurazepam treatment known to produce tolerance and down-regulation of benzodiazepine binding, or a d...