Engineering projects involving hydrogeology are faced with uncertainties because the earth is heterogeneous, and typical data sets are fragmented and disparate. In theory, predictions provided by computer simulations using calibrated models constrained by geological boundaries provide answers to support management decisions, and geostatistical methods quantify safety margins. In practice, curre...

1 Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition. Institut d’Investigació Biomédica de Girona (IdIBGi) CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición CB06/03/010, Girona, Catalonia (SPAIN) 2 Studies, Research and Sports Medicine Center, Government of Navarra, Pamplona (Spain) 3 Department of Endocrinology, University of Navarra, and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Institu...

In this paper we present an architecture to relax the critical cycle associated with the feedback operations in IIR filtering when high sampling frequencies exceed the computation bandwidth of digital arithmetics. Its complexity, evaluated in terms of multiplications per output sample per pole, equals that of the canonic IIR recursion and provides considerable savings in comparison to existing ...

One of the problems arising from the use of digital media is the ease of identical copies of digital images or audio files, allowing manipulation and unauthorized use. Copyright is an effective tool for preserving intellectual property of those documents but authors and publishers need effective techniques that prevent from copyright modification, due to the straightforward access to multimedia...

The aim of the present study tested the effect of tannic acid extract (TAE) alone or in combination with a direct-fed microbial, Bacillus coagulans (TAE+BC), on performance and gut health of coccidiosis vaccinated broilers. Broilers were either unchallenged or challenged with a late Eimeria infection. The study looked at performance and gut health during two time periods: vaccination only (0-49...

Recovery from an acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with loss of HBV DNA from serum, hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion, and normalization of serum aminotransferases. These changes generally imply clearance of virus, but clinical observations have shown that reactivation of HBV infection can occur either spontaneously or a...

Endothelial dysfunction, manifested as reduced vasodilatory capacity, occurs in arteries exposed chronically to cardiovascular risk factors. Hyperglycaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension, ageing, and smoking have all been associated with endothelial dysfunction. Although the molecular basis of endothelial dysfunction remains incompletely understood, numerous studies support a loss of bioa...

The generation of myelinating cells from multipotential neural stem cells in the central nervous system (CNS) requires the initiation of specific gene expression programs in oligodendrocytes (OLs). We reasoned that microRNAs (miRNAs) could play an important role in this process by regulating genes crucial for OL development. Here we identified miR-7a as one of the highly enriched miRNAs in olig...

Current guidelines advocate the use of screening endoscopy in patients with cirrhosis to identify those who could benefit from prophylactic therapy to decrease the incidence of initial variceal hemorrhage.1,2 The decision analysis performed by Spiegel et al. reported in this issue of HEPATOLOGY challenges this practice and illustrates the potential benefit of empiric -blockers for all patients ...

In this issue of HEPATOLOGY, Ikeda et al.1 describe use of long-term maintenance therapy with beta-interferon to prevent recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical resection or alcohol ablation of primary HCC in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Twenty patients, 10 per group, were randomly assigned to either beta-interferon or no treatment after potentially curative su...