Introduction The immunopathogenesis of TRAPS is thought to centre on activation of the innate immune system resulting in episodic inflammation. The adaptive immune system, Tregs and Th17 T cells, has not been studied in TRAPS. Different anti-TNF agents have different clinical effects on TRAPS i.e. etanercept has benefits but adalimumab and infliximab may trigger flares of TRAPS. It has been sho...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) selectively and potently constricts isolated cerebral arteries, but this response has not been pharmacologically characterized. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The receptor subtype(s) involved in S1P-induced cerebrovascular constriction were characterized using genetic (S1P(2) and S1P(3) receptor null mice) and pharmacological tools (phospho-FTY720, ...

The Poisson sigma model is a widely studied two-dimensional topological field theory. This note shows that boundary conditions for the Poisson sigma model are related to coisotropic submanifolds (a result announced in [math.QA/0309180]) and that the corresponding reduced phase space is a (possibly singular) dual pair between the reduced spaces of the given two coisotropic submanifolds. In addit...

The author acknowledge support from National Institute of Health Research Grants MH55687 and AG15685. Marc Howard is now at the Department of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cunningham Street, Boston, MA 02215. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Michael J. Kahana, Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, MS 013, Waltham, MA 02254. E-mail: [email protected]. Marc W....

KIR3DL1 is a polymorphic inhibitory receptor that modulates NK cell activity through interacting with HLA-A and HLA-B alleles that carry the Bw4 epitope. Amino acid polymorphisms throughout KIR3DL1 impact receptor surface expression and affinity for HLA. KIR3DL1/S1 encodes inhibitory and activating alleles, but despite high homology with KIR3DL1, the activating receptor KIR3DS1 does not bind th...

Weinvestigatedthefearofbeinglaughedat(gelotophobia),thejoyinbeing laughed at (gelotophilia), and the joy in laughing at others (katagelasticism) in adolescent students (N = 324, 13–15 years). Gelotophobia was associated primarily with the victim and katagelasticism with the bully-role (selfand peer reports). Gelotophobia correlated with laughing at oneself if experiencing an embarrassing situat...

We derive masses and radii for both components in the single-lined eclipsing binary HAT-TR-205-013, which consists of a F7V primary and a late M-dwarf secondary. The system’s period is short, P = 2.230736 ± 0.000010 days, with an orbit indistinguishable from circular, e = 0.012 ± 0.021. We demonstrate generally that the surface gravity of the secondary star in a single-lined binary undergoing t...