We explored whether two memory retrievals from a single cue can be completed in parallel. Subjects were trained to make a vocal response and a key press response for each of a set of ten visually presented words. Subsequently, these two tasks were interleaved with a third, dual task condition in which subjects retrieved both the vocal and the key press response on each trial. Findings include: ...

BACKGROUND BCG vaccination provides incomplete protection against tuberculosis in infants. A new vaccine, modified Vaccinia Ankara virus expressing antigen 85A (MVA85A), was designed to enhance the protective efficacy of BCG. We aimed to assess safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of MVA85A against tuberculosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in infants. METHODS In our double-blind, ...

Cholestasis is frequent in neonates (1/2,500 live births) and in young children. It includes many etiologies with sometimes poor prognosis. In case of neonatal cholestasis, the most important point is to look at the stool color and to rule out biliary atresia which needs to be surgically treated before the 45th day of life. Biliary atresia represents almost 50% of cases of neonatal cholestasis,...

Traditional theories of forgetting assume that everyday forgetting is a cue-overload phenomenon, and the primary laboratory method used for investigating that phenomenon has long been the A-B, A-C paired-associates procedure. A great deal of research in psychology, psychopharmacology, and neuroscience suggests that this approach to the study of forgetting may not be very relevant to the kind of...

Dual-process theory, which holds that recognition decisions can be based on recollection or familiarity, has long seemed incompatible with signal detection theory, which holds that recognition decisions are based on a singular, continuous memory-strength variable. Formal dual-process models typically regard familiarity as a continuous process (i.e., familiarity comes in degrees), but they const...

Utilization of native insect resistance genes can be an important component for managing insects in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL-M) for insect resistance from PI 229358, controlling antibiosis and antixenosis, was previously identified on linkage group (LG) M and was found to increase the effectiveness of a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgene in soyb...

It need not be, in a rational, scientific world, that we should see the case for dogs resembling their owners as stronger than would any other observer of the available data, but it traditionally falls to the original authors to defend their original conclusions (Roy & Christenfeld, 2004), and we do so here. We also present new data, based on a new method, that support our conclusions. Levine (...

This article supplements our earlier paper on synaesthesia published in JCS (Ramachandran & Hubbard, 2001a). We discuss the phenomenology of synaesthesia in greater detail, raise several new questions that have emerged from recent studies, and suggest some tentative answers to these questions. I: Robustness of Synaesthetic Effects It was Francis Galton (1880) who first reported the condition ca...

A dynamic systems (DS) approach uncovers important connections between emotion and neurophysiology. It is critical, however, to include a developmental perspective. Strides in the understanding of emotional development, as well as the present use of DS in developmental science, add significantly to the study of emotion. Examples include stranger fear during infancy, intermodal perception of emo...