O’Connor, Timothy P., and Jared Diamond. Ontogeny of intestinal safety factors: lactase capacities and lactose loads. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 45): R753–R765, 1999.—We measured intestinal safety factors (ratio of a physiological capacity to the load on it) for lactose digestion in developing rat pups. Specifically, we assessed the quantitative relationships bet...

M. J. P. LENCZOWSKI,1 R.-M. BLUTHÉ,2 J. ROTH,3 G. S. REES,4 D. A. RUSHFORTH,5 A.-M. VAN DAM,1 F. J. H. TILDERS,1 R. DANTZER,2 N. J. ROTHWELL,5 AND G. N. LUHESHI5 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute Neurosciences Vrije Universiteit, Graduate School Neurosciences Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2Institut François Magendie, Institut National de la Re...

JAMES R. GUM, JR.,1,2 JAMES W. HICKS,3 ANNE-MARIE GILLESPIE,4 ELAINE J. CARLSON,4 LAZLO KÖMÜVES,5 SATYAJIT KARNIK,1 JOE C. HONG,3 CHARLES J. EPSTEIN,4 AND YOUNG S. KIM1,3 1Gastrointestinal Research Laboratory, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco 94121; and Departments of 2Anatomy, 3Medicine, 4Pediatrics, and 5Dermatology, University of California at San Francisco, Calif...

Landesberg, Amir, and Samuel Sideman. Regulation of energy consumption in cardiac muscle: analysis of isometric contractions. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 45): H998–H1011, 1999.—The well-known linear relationship between oxygen consumption and force-length area or the force-time integral is analyzed here for isometric contractions. The analysis, which is based on a biochemical mode...

Alexander, EdwardA., Dennis Brown, Theodora Shih, Mary McKee, and John H. Schwartz. Effect of acidification on the location of H1-ATPase in cultured inner medullary collecting duct cells. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Cell Physiol. 45): C758–C763, 1999.—In previous studies, our laboratory has utilized a cell line derived from the rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) as a model system for mammalian...

Darimont, Christian, Nathalie Gradoux, and Alain De Pover. Epidermal growth factor regulates fatty acid uptake and metabolism in Caco-2 cells. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G606–G612, 1999.—Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been reported to stimulate carbohydrate, amino acid, and electrolyte transport in the small intestine, but its effects on lipid transport are poorly...

Wang, David Q.-H., Frank Lammert, David E. Cohen, Beverly Paigen, and Martin C. Carey. Cholic acid aids absorption, biliary secretion, and phase transitions of cholesterol in murine cholelithogenesis. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 39): G751–G760, 1999.—Cholic acid is a critical component of the lithogenic diet in mice. To determine its pathogenetic roles, we fed chow or 1% c...

BACKGROUND In the situation of acute coronary occlusion, the myocardium supplied by the occluded vessel is subject to ischemia and is referred to as the myocardium at risk (MaR). Single photon emission computed tomography has previously been used for quantitative assessment of the MaR. It is, however, associated with considerable logistic challenges for employment in clinical routine. Recently,...

Philips Healthcare released a novel metal artifact reduction algorithm for large orthopedic implants (O-MAR). Little information was available about its CT number accuracy. Since CT numbers are used for tissue heterogeneity corrections in external beam radiotherapy treatment planning, we performed a phantom study to assess the CT number accuracy of O-MAR. Two situations were simulated: a patien...

Melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR) is characterized by night blindness, photopsias, and a selective reduction of the electroretinogram b-wave. In certain cases, the serum contains autoantibodies that react with ON bipolar cells, but the target of these autoantibodies has not been identified. Here we show that the primary target of autoantibodies produced in MAR patients with reduced b-wave i...