Flower-visiting bees collect large quantities of pollen to feed their offspring. Pollen deposited in the bees' transport organs is lost for the flowers' pollination. It has been hypothesised that specific body areas, bees cannot groom, serve as 'safe sites' for pollen transfer between flowers. For the first time, we experimentally demonstrated the position, area and pollen amount of safe sites ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical evidence on the effectiveness of any medical intervention for preventing or treating alcohol hangover. DATA SOURCES Systematic searches on Medline, Embase, Amed, Cochrane Central, the National Research Register (UK), and ClincalTrials.gov (USA); hand searches of conference proceedings and bibliographies; contact with experts and manufacturers of commercial pre...

To investigate the method for quantitatively determining chlorogenic acid in Verbena officinalis L. extract; and to determine its content and in-vitro antibacterial activity. Cylinder-plate method and MIC assay were employed to compare the antibacterial activity between different concentrations of Verbena officinalis L. extracts; and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of various extracts in t...

boraginaceae family is known as a medicinal plant classified in dicotyledons.  it is originated from asia (middle east). the aim of this study was to evaluate ingredient between 4 species of boraginaceae family based on physiological & phytochemical traits as well as seed fatty acid contents.  4 species (e. russicum, e. italicum, e. amoenum, and b. officinalis ) were evaluated carefully. all se...

The oil from the seeds of Borago officinalis L. (borage) is a major commercial source of ?-linolenic acid. The fatty acid has a great potential therapeutic value in the treatment of several diseases. In the present work the efficiency of high pressure extraction of borage seed oil containing ?linolenic acid in high concentrations was investigated. Extraction was performed by semicontinuous flow...