One of the most intriguing issues in animal behaviour is that of altruism, particularly between unrelated individuals. For if such altruism is not reciprocated, biologists believe that it would not be able to persist as cheats would win out. So when does it pay to help others? One puzzling case is that of prey mobbing potential predators. Members of many species of small birds will mob a potent...

Neurons incorporated into the adult main olfactory bulb (MOB) and accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) derive from the subventricular zone (SVZ). Despite some recent studies on the role of olfactory neurogenesis in sociosexual behaviors mediated by hormones, data on the implication of estrogens are still lacking. Taking advantage of female aromatase-knockout (ArKO) mice, which are unable to produce e...

We evaluated ketoprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), as an antinociceptive supplement to chloral hydrate anesthesia in mouse. Effects of ketoprofen on main olfactory bulb (MOB) neuronal spontaneous activity were investigated using extracellular recordings in mouse in vivo. These effects were compared with those of another nociceptive supplement, the mu-opioid agonist buprenor...

We introduce MoB, an infrastructure for collab6 orative wide-area wireless data services. MoB proposes to 7 change the current model of data services in the following 8 fundamental ways: (1) it decouples infrastructure providers 9 from services providers and enables fine-grained competi10 tion, (2) it allows service interactions on arbitrary timescales, 11 and, (3) it promotes flexible composit...

INTRODUCTION This study investigated the effects of the A Matter of Balance (MOB) program on falls and physical risk factors of falling among community-dwelling older adults living in Tampa, Florida, in 2013. METHODS A total of 110 adults (52 MOB, 58 comparison) were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Data on falls, physical risk of falling, and other known risk factors of falling wer...

Both prokineticin receptor 2 (pkr2) and prokineticin 2 (pk2) gene-deficient mice have hypoplasia of the main olfactory bulb (MOB). This hypoplasia has been attributed to disruption of the glomerulus that is caused by loss of afferent projection from olfactory sensory neurons (OSN), and to the impaired migration of granule cells, a type of interneuron. In the present study, we examined whether m...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Despite the many published randomized clinical trials (RCTs), a substantial number of reviews and several national clinical guidelines, much controversy still remains regarding the evidence for or against efficacy of spinal manipulation for low back pain and neck pain. PURPOSE To reassess the efficacy of spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) and mobilization (MOB) for the manag...

BACKGROUND DNA promoter methylation is a signature for the silencing of tumor suppressor genes. Most widely used methods to detect DNA methylation involve 3 separate, independent processes: DNA extraction, bisulfite conversion, and methylation detection via a PCR method, such as methylation-specific PCR (MSP). This method includes many disconnected steps with associated losses of material, pote...