BACKGROUND Pepsinogen C (PGC) and mucin1 (MUC1) are important physiologically functional gastric proteins; Mucin2 (MUC2) is an "ectopic" functional protein in intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa. We analyzed the co-expression of the above-mentioned three proteins in dynamic gastric diseases {superficial gastritis (SG)-atrophic gastritis (AG)--gastric cancer (GC)} as well as different histol...

Irrcher, Isabella, Peter J. Adhihetty, Treacey Sheehan, Anna-Maria Joseph, and David A. Hood. PPAR coactivator-1 expression during thyroid hormoneand contractile activity-induced mitochondrial adaptations. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 284: C1669–C1677, 2003; 10.1152/ ajpcell.00409.2002.—The transcriptional coactivator the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 (PGC-1 ) has been i...

Exercise results in rapid increases in expression of the transcription coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) and in mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. PGC-1alpha regulates and coordinates mitochondrial biogenesis, and overexpression of PGC-1alpha in muscle cells results in increases in mitochondrial content. In this context, it ha...

background: mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) are multipotent cells that can be collected from different sources. under specific conditions, mscs can be differentiated to tissue specific cells in vitro. human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucmscs) can easily be harvested and cultured in in vitro conditions. production of germ cells from mesenchymal stem cells is a very interesting and prom...

BACKGROUND PGC-1α is a crucial regulator of cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis that functionally acts together with the estrogen-related receptors (ERRα and ERRγ) in the regulation of mitochondrial and metabolic gene networks. Dimerization of the ERRs is a pre-requisite for interactions with PGC-1α and other coactivators, eventually leading to transactivation. It was suggested recently ...

Underexpression of the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1 is causally linked to certain neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington’s Disease (HD). HD pathoprogression is also associated with aberrant NMDAR activity, in particular an imbalance between synaptic versus extrasynaptic (NMDAR ) activity. Here we show that PGC-1 controls NMDAR EX activity in neurons and that its suppression cont...

Muscle wasting during sepsis is at least in part regulated by glucocorticoids and is associated with increased transcription of genes encoding the ubiquitin ligases atrogin-1 and muscle-specific RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1). Recent studies suggest that muscle atrophy caused by denervation is associated with reduced expression of the nuclear cofactor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ...

Adult b-cell dysfunction, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes, can be programmed by adverse fetal environment. We have shown that fetal glucocorticoids (GCs) participate in this programming through inhibition of b-cell development. Here we have investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation. We showed that GCs stimulate the expression of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-g ...

The DAZ family genes boule, daz and dazl have conserved functions in primordial germ cell (PGC) migration, germ stem cell proliferation, differentiation and meiosis progression. It has remained unknown whether this family is required for PGC formation in developing embryos. Our recent study in the fish medaka (Oryzias latipes) has defined dnd as the critical PGC specifier and predicted the pres...

Heart failure is accompanied by important defects in metabolism. The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorcoactivator 1 (PGC-1 ) is a powerful regulator of mitochondrial biology and metabolism. PGC-1 and numerous genes regulated by PGC-1 are repressed in models of cardiac stress, such as that generated by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). This finding has su...