BACKGROUND The N-terminal fragments of A- and B-type natriuretic peptides (NT-proANP and NT-proBNP) are powerful markers of cardiac function. The current assays require refinement with regard to standardization with native calibrators and the ability to detect the actual circulating forms. METHODS The following peptides were prepared with recombinant methods: NT-proANP, NT-proBNP, proBNP1-108...

BACKGROUND High circulating concentrations of N-terminal fragments of A- and B-type natriuretic peptides (NT-proANP and NT-proBNP) identify patients with impaired cardiac function. ProANP-derived peptides are particularly sensitive to increased preload of the heart and proBNP-derived peptides to increased afterload; therefore, combining the information from the ANP and BNP systems into a single...

Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) can promote the repair of central nervous system and retinal damage. In previous reports, NT-3 has been expressed by viral vectors. However, plasmid vectors have a safer profile compared with viral vectors in clinical studies. This study recombined amplified human retinal NT-3 with a eukaryotic expression plasmid containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) to construct an N...

Theorem 4.1.1 If OPT contains k sets, the greedy algorithm uses ≤ k(1 + ln nk ) sets. Proof: Let It be the sets selected by the greedy algorithm up to t iterations. Let nt be the number of uncovered elements at iteration t. Then nt = n− | ⋃ i∈It Si|, n0 = n, I0 = ∅. We claim that: Claim 4.1.2 nt ≤ (1− 1 k )nt−1 Proof: Let Jt = U\( ⋃ i∈It Si), then OPT covers Jt−1 with ≤ k sets. Because |Jt−1| =...

objective: comparing the effect of repeated opening of the container lid of two dentin adhesive systems, prime&bond; nt (p&b; nt) and ibond (ib), on shear bond strength. materials and methods: intact bovine lower incisors (n=60), fixed in acrylic were ran-domly divided into six groups (n=10). groups i and ii were set as control groups. p&b; nt and ib were applied on the samples after five days ...

background: serum n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (nt-probnp), a polypeptide secreted by ventricular myocytes in response to stretch, was suggested as a predictor of adverse prognosis of the acute coronary syndrome (acs). we examined the association between nt-probnp level and angiographic findings in acs patients to determine whether it could be used as a predictor of the severity of ...

BACKGROUND Urine amino-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations may exclude the presence of heart failure and provide insight into renal clearance mechanisms for human NT-proBNP. We characterized the molecular forms of urine NT-proBNP detected by immunoassay. METHODS Urine from patients with heart failure was subjected to HPLC and analyzed using immunoassays specific t...