Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) establishes a latent infection in sensory ganglionic neurons of cattle. During a latent infection, a single latency-related (LR) transcript is expressed. This observation suggested that DNA sequences in the LR promoter are positively regulated by neural cell type factors. The regulation of the LR gene was examined in neural cells as well as nonneural cells in transi...

BACKGROUND An XbaI polymorphism in the gene encoding the glucose transporter, GLUT-1, is associated with development of diabetic nephropathy in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients. In addition, an amino acid variant (K121Q) in the gene encoding the glycoprotein plasma cell differentiating antigen (PC-1), a specific inhibitor of insulin receptor signalling, has been reported to predict a faster pro...

Estrogen might play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 2. Estrogens inhibit diabetes via distinct mechanisms particularly by reducing both hyperglycemia and plasma insulin levels. Estrogen exerts its physiological effects mainly through estrogen receptors including α and β types. Estrogen receptors are found in many tissues that participate in the pathogenesis of ty...

Background: Many studies have reported the association of estrogen receptor α gene (ESRα) ESRα PvuII T>C, XbaI A>G and BtgI G>A polymorphisms with Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) risk, but the results remained controversial. In order to drive a more precise estimation, the present systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association between ESRα polymorphisms and KOA susce...

Background It has been suggested that XbaI single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (A/G rs934099) in estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) may be associated with curve severity in Japanese AIS patients [1] and with both curve severity and predisposition for AIS in Chinese patients [2]. However, replication studies have not confirmed these findings [3]. The role of the XbaI ESR1 polymorphism rs9340799 in AIS ...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphism and estradiol on height and bone density during and after puberty in males. Using the restriction enzymes XbaI and PvuII, the allelic variants XX, Xx, xx, PP, Pp, and pp were identified in 90 Caucasian boys 16.9+/-0.3 yr of age (mean +/- SD). Bone mineral density (BMD; g/cm2) of the to...