The periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis requires porphyrin supplementation for growth. Previously, in order to inhibit P. gingivalis growth, we synthesised very effective 'Trojan horse' ester and amide-linked deuterporphyrin-nitroimidazole (DPIX-Nim) adducts that exploited this requirement to transport metronidazole-derived antibiotics with excellent antimicrobial selectivity and reco...

The antigenic and genetic characteristics of the haemagglutinins of influenza type B viruses isolated since 1988 during periods of both widespread activity (1990/1991) and sporadic activity (1989/1990) were examined using microneutralization tests and direct RNA sequencing. During 1989/1990, influenza B viruses representative of two distinct lineages antigenically and genetically related to eit...

The involvement of each of the amino acid residues of the I-Ak-restricted T cell determinant RNase(43-56) was examined in detail using a series of peptides containing single amino acid substitutions. Four positions were identified as being essential for the formation of the determinant, Phe-46, Val-47, His-48, and Leu-51. When these four residues were substituted into the backbone of the unrela...

Reduced insulin sensitivity might increase the susceptibility to acute mountain sickness (AMS). The diabetogenic side effects of dexamethasone should therefore be considered for AMS treatment. To examine whether reduced insulin sensitivity is predictive of AMS and how it is affected by dexamethasone at high altitude, we analyzed endocrine and metabolic parameters obtained from healthy mountaine...

The structure of four hydroxamic acids (HA) that show antifungal activities in complexes with several metals is revealed by single crystal diffraction. structures HA C2, C6, C10, and C12 hydrocarbon chains are reported. smallest member the series, N-hydroxyacetamide (HA2), crystallizes centrosymmetric space group P21/c while those longer chain lengths N-hydroxyhexanamide (HA6), N-hydroxydecanam...

The spread of falciparum malaria resistant to chloroquine all over Southeast Asian continent has led to increasing use of alternative antimalarial drugs. Halofantrine has been shown to be effective against multidrug resistant Plasmodium falciparum. One hundred and twenty falciparum malaria cases were randomly assigned to one of three different halofantrine regimes. Group I (HA1) received 500 mg...

The non-viral gene delivery system is an attractive alternative to cancer therapy. The clinical success of non-viral gene delivery is hampered by transfection efficiency and tumor targeting, which can be individually overcome by addition of functional modules such as cell penetration or targeting. Here, we first engineered the multifunctional gelatin/silica (GS) nanovectors with separately cont...

Syngeneic monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to Moloney sarcoma cells (MSC) were produced by fusion of spleen cells from MSC régressermice to myeloma SP2/0. MoAb 244-19A, an immunoglobulin G2b, bound to MSC cells and did not bind to two other sarcomas (K-BALB and Ha2), a carcinoma (Line 1), a fibroblast (A31) or a fibroblast infected with C-type virus (A31Moloney leukemia virus). In contrast, MoAb 2...