The BAX gene is characterized by 5 protein coding transcripts (alpha/psi, beta, delta, epsilon, sigma). Baxbeta encodes the longest isoform (891 bp) of the gene. BAX-alpha/Bax-psi variant is 888 bp in length and codes for a protein isoform that possesses a shorter and different C terminus, as compared with the isoform BAX-beta. The third variant (BAX-delta), which is 741 bp in length, lacks exo...

In response to various apoptotic stimuli, Bax, a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, is oligomerized and permeabilizes the mitochondrial outer membrane to apoptogenic factors, including cytochrome c. Bax oligomerization can also be induced by incubating isolated mitochondria containing endogenous Bax with recombinant tBid (caspase-8-cleaved Bid) in vitro. The mechanism by which Bax oligom...

Bax/Bak-mediated mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) is essential for "intrinsic" apoptotic cell death. Published studies used synthetic liposomes to reveal an intrinsic pore-forming activity of Bax, but it is unclear how other mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) proteins might facilitate this function. We carefully analyzed the kinetics of Bax-mediated pore formation in isolate...

Execution of cyanide-induced apoptosis is mediated by release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. To determine how cyanide initiates cytochrome c release, Bax translocation was investigated in primary cultures of cortical neurons. Under nonapoptotic (control) conditions, Bax resided predominantly in the cytoplasm. After 300-microM cyanide treatment for 1 h, Bax translocated to the mitochondria, ...

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BACKGROUND In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), in vivo apoptotic resistance of malignant B lymphocytes results, in part, from the intrinsic defects of their apoptotic machinery. These include genetic alterations and aberrant expression of many apoptosis regulators, among which the Bcl2 family members play a central role. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the association of pro-a...

BACKGROUND Bcl-2 oncoprotein inhibits apoptosis, whereas bax protein promotes apoptosis by enhancing cell susceptibility to apoptotic stimuli. This study examined the bcl-2, bax and p53 expression in rectal adenocarcinomas and their relationship with tumor prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Paraffin-embedded 4-microm tumor sections obtained from patients with rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent ...

Much debate surrounds how prosurvival members of the BCL-2 family repress opening of the BAX/BAK channel to block apoptosis; in this issue Llambi et al. (2011) identify two modes of apoptosis inhibition that exhibit surprisingly different behavior upon repeat proapoptotic challenges by BH3-only proteins.