Respiration and ion regulation are the two principal functions of teleostean gills. Mainly found in the gill filaments of fish, mitochondria-rich cells (MRCs) proliferate to increase the ionoregulatory capacity of the gill in response to osmotic challenges. Gill lamellae consist mostly of pavement cells, which are the major site of gas exchange. Although lamellar MRCs have been reported in some...

Quaternary climatic cycles have influenced marine organisms' spatial distribution and population dynamics. This study aimed to elucidate the evolutionary influences of contemporary and glacial physical barriers on the population structure, demography and colonization history of the mudskipper (Periophthalmus modestus) based on a mitochondrial gene segment (ND5) from 131 individual fish sampled ...

Intertidal mudflats are highly productive ecosystems that impose severe environmental challenges on their occupants due to tidal oscillations and extreme shifts in habitat conditions. Reproduction on mudflats requires protection of developing eggs from thermal and salinity extremes, O(2) shortage, dislodgement by currents, siltation and predation. Mudskippers are air-breathing, amphibious fishe...

The problem of vision in the fishes has occupied the attention of investigators for over a century and a half. The observations of naturalists, experimentalists, and morphologists and the conclusions drawn by them have not been in agreement because many of them have failed to consider all factors influencing the formation of an accurate and clear retinal image, and, also, to realize that all fi...