In recent years, research on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology for healthy users has attracted considerable interest, and BCI games are especially popular. This study reviews the current status of, and describes future directions, in the field of BCI games. To this end, we conducted a literature search and found that BCI control paradigms using electroencephalographic signals (motor ima...

Our objective was to develop and validate a new brain-computer interface (BCI) system suitable for long-term independent home use by people with severe motor disabilities. The BCI was used by a 51-year-old male with ALS who could no longer use conventional assistive devices. Caregivers learned to place the electrode cap, add electrode gel, and turn on the BCI. After calibration, the system allo...

OBJECTIVE While promising, electroencephaloraphy based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are barely used due to their lack of reliability: 15% to 30% of users are unable to control a BCI. Standard training protocols may be partly responsible as they do not satisfy recommendations from psychology. Our main objective was to determine in practice to what extent standard training protocols impact us...

‎let $s$ be a subset of a finite group $g$‎. ‎the bi-cayley graph ${rm bcay}(g,s)$ of $g$ with respect to $s$ is an undirected graph with vertex set $gtimes{1,2}$ and edge set ${{(x,1),(sx,2)}mid xin g‎, ‎ sin s}$‎. ‎a bi-cayley graph ${rm bcay}(g,s)$ is called a bci-graph if for any bi-cayley graph ${rm bcay}(g,t)$‎, ‎whenever ${rm bcay}(g,s)cong {rm bcay}(g,t)$ we have $t=gs^alpha$ for some $...

In this paper, we study pseudo-valuations on a BCI-algebra and obtain some related results. The relation between pseudo-valuations and ideals is investigated. We use a pseudo-metric induced by a pseudovaluation to introduce a congruence relation on a BCI-algebra. We define the quotient algebra induced by this relation and prove that it is also a BCI-algebra and study its properties.

A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) allows a user to control a computer by pure brain activity. Due to the nonstationarity of the recorded brain signals, the BCI performance tends to decrease over time. Recently, adaption of the BCI has been proposed as a means to counter non-stationarity and help to stabilize the BCI performance. Since most adaption methods for BCI are analysed in an offline sett...

It is widely accepted in the brain computer interface (BCI) research community that neurological phenomena are the only source of control in any BCI system. Artifacts are undesirable signals that can interfere with neurological phenomena. They may change the characteristics of neurological phenomena or even be mistakenly used as the source of control in BCI systems. Electrooculography (EOG) and...

In this thesis, the usage of fuzzy classification algorithms in brain-computer interfaces (BCI) based on electroencephalography (EEG) is researched. We review the existing literature on BCI, the traditional crisp algorithms often used in BCI for classification, fuzzy classification algorithms and their application in BCI. A simple BCI system is implemented that allows the user to move a cursor ...

The brain-computer interface (BCI) community started to consider games as potential applications while the games community started to consider BCI as a game controller. However, there is a discrepancy between the BCI games developed by the two communities. In this paper, we propose a preliminary BCI games framework that we constructed with respect to the research conducted in both the BCI and t...