Introduction: Livestock husbandry is critical for food security and poverty reduction in a low-income country like Tanzania. Infectious disease is one of the major constraints reducing the productivity in this sector. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is one of the most important diseases affecting small ruminants, but other infectious diseases may also be present. Objective: The objective of th...

Among the main intimidation to the sheep and goat population, PPR outbreaks are causing huge losses especially in endemic areas. During recent times, six outbreaks of PPR were confirmed at semi-organized goat farms/herds in various regions of Punjab province and Islamabad capital territory (ICT), Pakistan. The disease started after introduction of new animals at these farms with no history of p...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 15% increase in preferred pedal rate (PPR) on both time to exhaustion and pulmonary O(2) uptake (VO(2)) response during heavy exercise. Seven competitive cyclists underwent two constant-power tests (CPT) at a power output that theoretically requires 50% of the difference in VO(2) between the second ventilatory threshold and VO(2)max (Pdelta5...

In the present study, we assessed whether elevated (> or =15 mmHg) PCWP (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure) can be detected using the blood pressure response to the Valsalva manoeuvre in a group of elderly patients with various cardiac disorders, including atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease, and healthy elderly controls. The Valsalva manoeuvre was performed in 93 patients (71+/-4 y...

Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins function in multiple processes in mRNA maturation in plastids and mitochondria (reviewed in Schmitz-Linneweber and Small, 2008). RNA maturation in chloroplasts is complex, and PPR proteins act in cisand trans-splicing, translation, RNA cleavage, RNA stabilization, and RNA editing. This large protein family, with 450 members in Arabidopsis, is characterize...

Program Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) merupakan satu dasar kerajaan dalam menyeimbangkan keperluan asas tempat tinggal kepada rakyat yang tergolong kategori B40 untuk memelihara hak kemanusiaan Malaysia agar menjalani kelangsungan kehidupan sejahtera. PPR sebagai Key Performance Indicator (KPI) oleh Kementerian dan Kerajaan Tempatan (KPKT) diberi fokus terhadap keberkesanan tahap kesejahteraan PPR. me...

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an important cause of mortality and production loss among sheep and goats in the developing world. Despite control efforts in a number of countries, it has continued to spread across Africa and Asia, placing an increasing burden on the livelihoods of livestock keepers and on veterinary resources in affected countries. Given the similarities between PPR and ri...

We studied paired-pulse depression (PPD) of GABA(A)ergic IPSCs under conditions of reduced transmitter release (caused by Cd(2+), baclofen, or reduced stimulus intensity) with whole-cell voltage clamp in CA1 pyramidal cells in vitro. The use-dependent model of paired-pulse responsiveness holds that a decrease in the probability of neurotransmitter release during the first stimulus will cause pr...

In plant organelles, RNA editing alters specific cytidine residues to uridine in transcripts. All of the site-specificity factors of RNA editing identified so far are pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins. A defect in a specific PPR protein often impairs RNA editing at multiple sites, at which the cis-acting elements are not highly conserved. The molecular mechanism for sharing a single PPR p...

The pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) family represents one of the largest gene families in plants, with >440 members annotated in Arabidopsis thaliana. PPR proteins are thought to have a major role in the regulation of posttranscriptional processes in organelles. Recent studies have shown that Arabidopsis PPR proteins play an essential, nonredundant role during embryogenesis. Here, we demonstrate...