Juvenile rainbow trout were fed diets containing control (0.26 mmol/g) or elevated (1.3 mmol/g) dietary Na+ in combination with either background (19 nmol/L) or moderately elevated levels (55 or 118 nmol/L) of waterborne Cu for 21 d. Unidirectional waterborne Na+ uptake rates (measured with 22Na) were up to four orders of magnitude higher than those of Cu (measured with 64Cu). Chronic exposure ...

Evolutionary links between type 1 blue copper (T1 Cu), type 2 red copper (T2 Cu), and purple Cu(A) cupredoxins have been proposed, but the structural features and mechanism responsible for such links as well as for assembly of Cu(A) sites in vivo are poorly understood, even though recent evidence demonstrated that the Cu(II) oxidation state plays an important role in this process. In this study...

Three experiments were conducted to study Cu sulfate and tribasic Cu chloride (TBCC) as sources of supplemental Cu for poultry. In Experiment 1, 252 chicks were fed the basal corn-soybean meal diet (26 ppm Cu) supplemented with either 0, 150, 300, or 450 ppm Cu from Cu sulfate or TBCC for 21 d. Chicks fed 450 ppm Cu from sulfate had lower (P < 0.05) feed intake than those consuming other diets....

In mammals, copper (Cu) absorption occurs mostly in the small intestine, and some of the Cu transporters involved in its uptake have been characterised. In fish, however, the regions of the gut involved in Cu absorption and the membrane transport mechanisms responsible for gastrointestinal Cu uptake are unknown. Everted gut sacs and isolated perfused intestine of Clarias gariepinus were used to...

This study aimed to evaluate effects of orally administered copper (Cu) to Chios sheep breed on serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), l-alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate deydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), in order to establish a practical and effective method in diagnosing the prehemolytic stage of chronic Cu poisoning. Eighteen ewes were allocated to three tre...

The title compound, [Cu(2)(C(12)H(21)N(2)Si)(2)], is a binuclear Cu(I) complex. The dimeric mol-ecule has an inversion center located at the mid-point of the Cu-Cu bond [Cu-Cu = 2.7209 (7) Å]. The bidentate ligand behaves in an N:N'-bridging mode, coordinating the metal atoms. The N-Cu-N unit is close to being linear [176.60 (8)°]. The two N atoms exhibit different affinities for the metal atom...

Copper (Cu) is the active center of some enzymes because of its redox-active property, although that property could have harmful effects. Because of this, cells have strict regulation/detoxification systems for this metal. In this study, multi-disciplinary approaches, such as speciation and elemental imaging of Cu, were applied to reveal the detoxification mechanisms for Cu in cells bearing a d...

Integral and angle resolved thermal desorption spectroscopies were used to study methanol adsorption and oxidation on clean and oxygen covered Cu(110) surfaces. Special emphasis was put on the Cu-CuO stripe phase, which forms when the Cu(110) surface is covered with 0.25 ML of oxygen. In the temperature regime between 200 and 300 K associative desorption of methanol and water takes place, showi...

Naturally fauna-free crossbred rams approximately 5 mo old, 49.3 +/- 1.88 kg live weight, were allotted to four groups. Two groups remained fauna-free, whereas the other two groups were faunated. A diet based on corn silage-soybean meal containing either a low or a high Cu concentration (7 or 15 micrograms/g dry matter) was fed ad libitum to the two groups for 197 d. The rams were killed at the...

Two experiments were conducted to study the role of feed intake and feed efficiency in Cu-stimulated growth of weanling pigs. In Exp. 1, 42 pigs were randomly assigned into three treatments: 1) control: ad libitum access to a corn-soybean meal-dried whey basal diet; 2) ad libitum/Cu: ad libitum access to the basal diet supplemented with 215 ppm of Cu; or 3) pair-fed/Cu: pair-fed the Cu-suppleme...