A family of apicomplexa-specific proteins containing AP2 DNA-binding domains (ApiAP2s) was identified in malaria parasites. This family includes sequence-specific transcription factors that are key regulators of development. However, functions for the majority of ApiAP2 genes remain unknown. Here, a systematic knockout screen in Plasmodium berghei identified ten ApiAP2 genes that were essential...

9 The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Cell Biol. Vol. 216 No. 1 9–11 https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201611115 In eukaryotic cells, the majority of internalized transmembrane protein receptors and ligands enter by clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) assemble at the plasma membrane by forming clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) that mature into fully formed coated ves...

The RabGAP protein TBC1D5 controls cellular endomembrane trafficking processes and binds the retromer subunit VPS29 and the ubiquitin-like protein ATG8 (LC3). Here, we describe that TBC1D5 also associates with ATG9 and the active ULK1 complex during autophagy. Moreover, ATG9 and TBC1D5 interact with clathrin and the AP2 complex. Depletion of TBC1D5 leads to missorting of ATG9 to late endosomes ...

Abstract Background Rose ( Rosa chinensis ) is a traditional famous flower with valuable ornamental characteristics. However, drought stress restricts its growth and development, leading to an abnormal phenotype. One of the main transcription factor (TF) protein groups in plant kingdom are APETALA2/ethylene-responsive (AP2/ERF) proteins potentially involved responses various plants. Results Our...

The adipocyte lipid-binding protein (ALBP/aP2) belongs to a multigene family of fatty acid and retinoid transport proteins. This protein is abundantly expressed in the cytoplasm and nuclear region of adipocytes and is postulated to serve as a lipid shuttle, solubilizing hydrophobic fatty acids and delivering them to the appropriate metabolic system for utilization. This report demonstrates that...

Acyl coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) is one of two DGAT enzymes known to catalyze the final step in mammalian triglyceride synthesis. Mice deficient in DGAT1 are resistant to obesity and have enhanced insulin sensitivity. To understand better the relationship between triglyceride synthesis and energy and glucose metabolism, we generated transgenic (aP2-Dgat1) mice in which e...

The protein clathrin mediates one of the major pathways of endocytosis from the extracellular milieu and plasma membrane. In single-cell eukaryotes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the gene encoding clathrin is not an essential gene, raising the question of whether clathrin conveys specific advantages for multicellularity. Furthermore, in contrast to mammalian cells, endocytosis in S. cerevis...

Following antigen recognition, B cell receptor (BCR)-mediated endocytosis is the first step of antigen processing and presentation to CD4+ T cells, a crucial component of the initiation and control of the humoral immune response. Despite this, the molecular mechanism of BCR internalization is poorly understood. Recently, studies of activated B cell-like diffuse large B cell lymphoma (ABC DLBCL)...

Comparative studies on the ABC model of floral development have revealed extensive conservation of B and C class genes, but have failed to identify similar conservation for A class genes. Using a reverse genetic approach, we show that the previous inability to obtain Antirrhinum mutants corresponding to the A class gene AP2 of Arabidopsis reflects greater genetic redundancy in Antirrhinum . Ant...