Pharmaceuticals are common chemical contaminants in estuaries receiving effluent from wastewater and sewage treatment facilities. The purpose of this research was to examine benthic microalgal (BMA) community responses to sublethal exposures to tylosin, a common and environmentally persistent antibiotic. Bioassays, using concentrations of 0.011-218 μmol tylosin l(-1), were performed on intertid...

In this paper, we propose an expert-system based parallel multi-1-dimensional block matching algorithm (ESPM-1D-BMA) for motion estimation (ME). Instead of the conventional 2D block matching, we employ the parallel multi-1D blocks matching to improve the computing speed. To improve the ME accuracy, we design a knowledge base and inference engine to determine the true motion vector (MV) from the...

Abstract. Bayesian model averaging is flawed in the M-open setting in which the true data-generating process is not one of the candidate models being fit. We take the idea of stacking from the point estimation literature and generalize to the combination of predictive distributions. We extend the utility function to any proper scoring rule and use Pareto smoothed importance sampling to efficien...

We study fragments of a μ-calculus over data words whose primary modalities are ‘go to next position’ (Xg), ‘go to previous position’ (Yg), ‘go to next position with the same data value’ (Xc), ‘go to previous position with the same data value (Yc)’. Our focus is on two fragments that are called the bounded mode alternation fragment (BMA) and the bounded reversal fragment (BR). BMA is the fragme...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow play a critical role in osteochondral repair. A bone marrow clot forms within the cartilage defect either as a result of marrow stimulation or during the course of the spontaneous repair of osteochondral defects. Mobilized pluripotent MSCs from the subchondral bone migrate into the defect filled with the clot, differentiate into chondrocytes and os...

OBJECTIVE 1. To identify the level of acceptance of the principle of British Medical Association (BMA) participation in the formulation of practice guidelines for complementary medicine amongst currently active non-orthodox practitioners in the UK. 2. To identify the level of support for individual BMA proposals. 3. To identify similarities and differences of attitude to the proposals between p...

Genetic Algorithms (GA) is well known for searching global maxima and minima[1, 2]. In general, number of search points required by GA for searching global extreme is much lower than the exhausted search. GA has been applied to Block Matching Algorithm (BMA) and demonstrates positively its capability in BMA. The mean square error (MSE) performance of GA based BMA is close to full search (FS). H...

Bayesian model averaging (BMA) weights the inferences produced by a set of competing models, using as weights the models posterior probabilities. An open problem of BMA is how to set the prior probability of the models. Credal model averaging (CMA) is a credal ensemble of Bayesian models, which generalizes BMA by substituting the single prior over the models by a set of priors. The base models ...

BACKGROUND Filarial nematodes, including Brugia malayi, the causative agent of lymphatic filariasis, undergo molting in both arthropod and mammalian hosts to complete their life cycles. An understanding of how these parasites cross developmental checkpoints may reveal potential targets for intervention. Pharmacological evidence suggests that ecdysteroids play a role in parasitic nematode moltin...