Cellulose constitutes the most abundant renewable polymer resource available today. As a chemical raw material, it is generally well-known that it has been used in the form of fibers or derivatives for nearly 150 years for a wide spectrum of products and materials in daily life. What has not been known until relatively recently is that when cellulose fibers are subjected to acid hydrolysis, the...

The Sporadic-E (Es) layer is an often-observed phenomenon at high latitudes; however, our understanding of the polar cap Es severely limited due to scarce number measurements. Here, first comprehensive study associated with Global Positioning System (GPS) Total Electron Content (TEC) variations and scintillations presented multiple measurements Resolute, Canada (Canadian Advanced Digital Ionoso...

Recently The prestigious universities of the world strive and aim to computerize their distance education service more specifically remote practical work, which allows students manipulate electronic experiments via web, for solve a set problems: pedagogical, management, security, restriction by time place problems overcrowding in universities. This paper will describe E@SLab system developed un...