Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, is linked to the pathogenesis of cancer. To delineate possible roles for MIC-1 in prostate cancer, a number of prostate epithelial cell lines have been studied, including PZ-HPV-7, DU-145, PC-3, and LNCaP cells. Factors regulating the production of MIC-1 protein by these cells and so...

Rhodotorula species are emerging pathogens in immunocompromised patients. We report the in vitro activities of eight antifungals against 64 Rhodotorula isolates collected in surveillance programs between 1987 and 2003. Rhodotorula strains are resistant in vitro to fluconazole (MIC at which 50% of the isolates tested are inhibited [MIC(50)], >128 microg/ml) and caspofungin (MIC(50), >8 microg/ml...

Once-daily administration of aminoglycosides is routinely used in many institutions. However, comparative efficacy data for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are lacking. The purpose of the present study was to compare the predicted pharmacodynamic activity of tobramycin at 10 mg/kg of body weight/day administered every 24 h (q24h), q12h, and q8h. Pharmacokinetic (PK) data were derived from an...

A novel series of 11,12-cyclic carbonate azithromycin-3-O-descladinosyl-3-O-carbamoyl glycosyl derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antibacterial activities in vitro. Most of these compounds had significant antibacterial activity against seven kinds of susceptible strains. In particular, compound G1 exhibited the most potent activity against methicillin-resistant Stre...

In order to evaluate the efficacy of an antibacterial therapy, three basic PK/PD indexes were defined: the ratio between the maximum drug concentration obtained after a single dose and minimum inhibitory concentration MIC (CMAX/MIC), the ratio between the area under the curve of dependence between the drug concentration in blood and time within 24 hours to MIC (AUC24/MIC), and the time when the...

Sera from 99 subjects exposed to the industrial gas leak in Bhopal on December 2, 1984 were studied along with sera from guinea pigs exposed to methyl isocyanate (MIC) to determine the production of antibodies specific to (MIC). Each of the four guinea pigs injected with the reactive isocyanate produced MIC-specific antibodies in titres of 1:5120 to 1:10240, when tested with MIC-guinea pig albu...

هدف اصلی این پژوهش ارائه چارچوبی برای ارزیابی عملکرد شرکت بهره‌­برداری قطار شهری مشهد بر مبنای کارت امتیازی متوازن و تکنیک تصمیم‌­گیری چندمعیاره (بهترین ـ بدترین فازی) است. حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی روش، کمّی اسنادی جمع‌­آوری داده‌های کیفی اساس 15 خبره در طی مقطع زمانی بین سال­‌های 1396 تا 1398 صورت پذیرفت. 9 معیار منظر مالی، 16 مشتریان، 8 فرایند داخلی 14 رشد توسعه یادگیری طریق اسناد پژوهش­‌های پ...

The pharmacodynamics of gemifloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae were investigated in a dilutional pharmacodynamic model of infection. Dose fractionation was used to simulate concentrations of gemifloxacin in human serum associated with 640 mg every 48 h (one dose), 320 mg every 24 h (two doses), and 160 mg every 12 h (four doses). Five strains of S. pneumoniae for which MICs were 0.016, 0...