In situ hybridization was used to quantitate the cells that produce erythropoietin (EP) in the renal cortices of mice with varying severities of acute anemia and of mice recovering from severe, acute anemia. The number of EP-producing cells in the renal cortex increased in an exponential manner as hematocrit was decreased. Individual EP-producing cells had very similar densities of silver grain...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is believed to originate from cancer stem cells (CSCs). While epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a marker of normal hepatic stem cells (HSCs), EpCAM+ cells from HCC behave like CSCs. Since HCC mostly develops on a cirrhotic background, we sought to determine whether CSC-like EpCAM+ cells exist in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Both flow cytometry and ...

entrepreneurial passion has been considered as a heart of innovative idea conduction. the present empirical research aimed to investigate factors of students' entrepreneurial passion. in this regard analysis of covariance matrix causal relationship was undertaken. the statistical population comprised of senior and junior undergraduate students as well as graduate students of the university...

The present studies were performed to determine the contribution of EP(2) receptors to renal hemodynamics by examining afferent arteriolar responses to PGE(2), butaprost, sulprostone, and endothelin-1 in EP(2) receptor-deficient male mice (EP(2)-/-). Afferent arteriolar diameters averaged 17.8 +/- 0.8 microm in wild-type (EP(2)+/+) mice and 16.7 +/- 0.7 microm in EP(2)-/- mice at a renal perfus...

The biological activities of PGE(2) are mediated through EP receptors (EP(1)-EP(4)), plasma membrane G protein-coupled receptors that differ in ligand binding and signal-transduction pathways. We investigated gastrointestinal EP(2) receptor expression in adult mice before and after radiation injury and evaluated intestinal stem cell survival and crypt epithelial apoptosis after radiation injury...

Although prostanoids are known to be involved in regulation of the spontaneous beating rate of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, the various subtypes of prostanoid receptors have not been investigated in detail. In our experiments, prostaglandin (PG)F(2α) and prostanoid FP receptor agonists (fluprostenol, latanoprost and cloprostenol) produced a decrease in the beating rate. Two prostanoid ...

AbstractThe effect of noise on evolutionary dynamics of Evolutionary Programming(EP) is empirically observed using three different statistical values. These are (1) the averaged best function values, (2) the average of strategy parameters and (3) Hotelling’s T 2 of real values. The classical-EP(CEP), Fast-EP(FEP) and Robust-EP(REP) which stand for Fogel’s EP, Yao and Liu’s EP and our extended E...

Prostaglandin E(2) is a major renal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonate and interacts with four G protein-coupled E-prostanoid receptors designated EP(1), EP(2), EP(3), and EP(4). Through these receptors, PGE(2) modulates renal hemodynamics and salt and water excretion. The intrarenal distribution and function of EP receptors have been partially characterized, and each receptor has a dist...

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) family members, including epiregulin (EP), play a fundamental role in epithelial tissues; however, their roles in immune responses and the physiological role of EP remain to be elucidated. The skin has a versatile system of immune surveillance. Biologically active IL-1alpha is released to extracellular space upon damage from keratinocytes and is a major player in s...