The effect of the hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) and hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants on environment through attack its halogen contents-chlorine fluorine, ozone layer toxic nature such refrigerants, has paid attention researchers to work towards getting suitable alternatives using hydrocarbons (HC) or blends with HFC refrigerants. This study was centered a retrofit R-134A good coefficient ...

More than one year has passed since refrigerant for refrigerator was changed from CFC12 to HFC134a. Long term reliability of refrigerator in HFC134a refrigerant system is mainly dependent on lubrication of moving parts of compressor and clogging of capillary tube. To maintain better practical reliability in components in compressor such as refrigeration lubricant,metallic materials and motor in...

(1) Background: In the past, sound design was focused on minimization of emitted sound, understanding that lower better. Nowadays, this concept is outdated; in addition to pressure level, many more aspects are considered fulfil subjective satisfaction clients. Thus, a new called quality has emerged reach facets sound. refrigeration systems, recommendations European Union aimed at reducing green...

The solubility of HFC 134a and HFC 152a in polystyrene melt was measured up to 800 psi at 150 C and 190 C. A magnetic suspension balance was used to experimentally measure the apparent solubility. The Simha-Somcynsky (SS) equation of state (EOS) was applied in the multi-components system to estimate the swollen volume. Consequently, the buoyancy compensation can be obtained to determine the sol...

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are stable in the atmosphere and may reach the stratosphere. They are cleaved by UV-radiation in the stratosphere to yield chlorine radicals, which are thought to interfere with the catalytic cycle of ozone formation and destruction and deplete stratospheric ozone concentrations. Due to potential adverse health effects of ozone depletion, chlorofluorocarbon replacemen...

Hydrofluoroalkane-134a (HFA) beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) was formulated in a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to deliver a particle size of 1.1 microm compared with 35 microns for currently marketed chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-BDP products. Two phase I single-dose human deposition studies were conducted using technetium 99m-radiolabelled BDP in a press-and-breathe actuator without an add-on spacer...