Paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) and paramethoxymetamphetamine (PMMA) are methoxylated phenylethylamine derivatives with effects similar to methylenedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA) and sold as such. However, PMA and PMMA are more potent than MDMA, but have a slower onset of action, which encourages users to take more. Three fatal cases involving PMA and PMMA in Denmark in year 2000 are investigated incl...

Peri-prosthetic infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria have become a serious problem in surgery and orthopedics. The aim is to introduce biomaterials that avoid implant-related infections caused by multiresistant bacteria. The efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) against a broad spectrum of bacteria and against multiresistant pathogens has been repeatedly described. In the present...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Most cement leaks during vertebroplasty are asymptomatic, but pulmonary cement embolism has been reported to cause cardiovascular disturbances and even death. Adding hydroxyapatite (HA) to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement to reduce the quantity of barium may aggravate cardiovascular deterioration in the event of cement embolism by activating coagulation. Thus, we inve...

We show that pristine PMMA can spontaneously transfer electrons to species in a liquid, thereby inducing a variety of electron transfer reactions. The electrons that are transferred we call cryptoelectrons; these have a surface density of the order of 5 x 10(13) cm(-2) and are at a considerably more negative reduction potential than the PMMA bonding electrons. For example, metal ions including ...

Sepsis is a greatly feared complication of total joint arthroplasty. One key question is how to prevent perioperative bacterial adherence, and therefore the potential for infectious complications. The objective of our study was to appraise the emerging capacity of staphylococcal survival on prosthetic materials and to analyze the in vitro effects of gentamicin and vancomycin loaded polymethylme...

BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening (AL) is a major complication of total joint replacement. Recent approaches to limiting AL have focused on inhibiting periprosthetic inflammation and osteoclastogenesis. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of erythromycin (EM) on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particle-challenged MC3T3 osteoblast precursor cells. MetHODS: MC3T3 ...

Antegrade telescoping rods have been introduced for use in pediatric patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) to decrease the incidence of long-bone fractures and to correct and prevent deformities. Recent studies have documented failures of telescoping intramedullary rods due to inadequate distal fixation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pullout strength of distal fixation of t...

Herein, we present a simple method for producing nanoporous templates with a high degree of lateral ordering by self-assembly of block copolymers. A key feature of this approach is control of the orientation of polymeric microdomains through the use of hydrophilic additives as structure directing agents. Incorporation of hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) moieties into poly(styrene-b-methyl...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of the addition of glass flakes on physical properties of conventional heat cure denture base resins and to compare it with a high impact strength denture base resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Test specimens were divided into Group 1 - poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (Trevalon), Group 2 - Trevalon HI, Group 3 -5% glass flake +95% PMMA (Trevalon), Group 4 -10...

These studies assessed the neurotoxic potential of N-methyl-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane (para-methoxymethamphetamine; PMMA), an amphetamine analog that has surfaced in the illicit drug market. Repeated subcutaneous injections of PMMA caused lasting, dose-related reductions in regional brain concentrations of serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and in the density of ...