United States National Parks have protected natural communities for one hundred years. Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore (INDU) is a park unit along the southern boundary of Lake Michigan in Indiana, USA. An inventory of 19 sites, consisting of a seep, 12 streams, four marshes, a bog, and a fen were examined for mayflies (Ephemeroptera), stoneflies (Plecoptera), and caddisflies (Trichoptera) (EP...

Assessed sensory and pain thresholds can change consequently to disturbances associated with ongoing pain. Such assessments could be an additional method in the daily clinical evaluation of perceived pain. To study the test-retest variability within-day and between-day of such procedures a newly developed instrument producing electrocutaneous stimulation, PainMatcher (PM), was used to assess th...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential value of two advanced EMG measures as additional diagnostic measures in the polymyographic assessment of postural upper-limb tremor. METHODS We investigated coherence as a measure of dependency between two EMG signals, and cumulant analysis to reveal patterns of synchronicity in EMG activity in muscle pairs. Eighty datasets were analyzed retrospectively,...

To the Editor: In his editorial,1 Golden describes the metamorphosis of partner notification (PN) since the late 1990s, a time by which PN had fallen into disrepute and disuse, into Expedited Partner Therapy (EPT) for the curable sexually transmissible infections (STI). As principal advocate for EPT he and his colleagues are to be thanked for their determined efforts to reinvent PN, once dubbed...

Given a tree and a set P of non-trivial simple paths on it, Vpt(P) is the VPT graph (i.e. the vertex intersection graph) of P, and Ept(P) is the EPT graph (i.e. the edge intersection graph) of the paths P of the tree T . These graphs have been extensively studied in the literature. Given two (edge) intersecting paths in a graph, their split vertices is the set of vertices having degree at least...

Premature exposure to the extrauterine environment negatively affects the brains' developmental trajectory. Our aim was to determine whether extremely preterm (EPT) infants, with no evidence of focal brain lesions, show morphological brain differences when compared with term-born infants. Additionally, we investigated associations between perinatal factors and neuroanatomical alterations. Conve...

OBJECTIVE Painful peripheral electrical stimulation to acupuncture points was found to cause sensitization if delivered randomly (EStim), but induced habituation if triggered by voluntary breathing (BreEStim). The objective was to systematically compare the effectiveness of BreEStim and EStim and to investigate the possible mechanisms mediating the habituation effect of BreEStim. METHODS Elev...

INTRODUCTION Limited research has focused on the safety and security of First Responders and Receivers, including clinicians, hospital workers, public safety officials, community volunteers, and other lay personnel, during public health emergencies. These providers are, in some cases, at greater peril during large-scale disasters due to their lack of training and inadequate resources to handle ...

Given a tree and a set P of non-trivial simple paths on it, VPT(P) is the VPT graph (i.e. the vertex intersection graph) of the paths P , and EPT(P) is the EPT graph (i.e. the edge intersection graph) of P . These graphs have been extensively studied in the literature. Given two (edge) intersecting paths in a graph, their split vertices is the set of vertices having degree at least 3 in their u...