The counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) technique was developed as a diagnostic procedure for ram epididymitis caused by Brucella ovis. CIE test results with sera from naturally and experimentally infected male sheep compared favorably with those obtained by gel diffusion and complement fixation employing the same B. ovis surface R antigen. The main advantage of CIE over gel diffusion consists i...

A total of fifteen laboratories participated in the CIE detector response in-tercomparison which was designed to assess the level of agreement among participating laboratories in the absolute measurement (with respect to SI) of photodetector response in the visible spectral region. Most participants were either commercial laboratories or university laboratories with the National Institute of St...

The use of colorimetry within industry has grown extensively in the last few decades. Central to many of today’s instruments is the work of the CIE system, established in 1931. Many have questioned the validity of the assumptions made by Wright (1928-29) and Guild (1931), some suggesting that the 1931 color matching functions are not the best representation of the human visual systems’ cone res...

To introduce some measure of standardization in the face of the endless variety of whiteness formulas being used, the "Commission internationale de l'éclairage" proposed in 1986 a whiteness and a tint formula for practical trials. The formulas in question were simplified derivatives of those used in the Ganz/Griesser method. The difference is that the CIE proposes fixed formula parameters and r...

Dopamine (DA) receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) exert powerful effects on cognition by modulating the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. The present study examined the impact of chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure on cognitive function and DA receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the rat mPFC. Consistent with alterations in executive function in...

Repeated cycles of chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure increase voluntary consumption of ethanol in mice. Previous work has shown that extracellular glutamate in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is significantly elevated in ethanol-dependent mice and that pharmacologically manipulating glutamate concentrations in the NAc will alter ethanol drinking, indicating that glutamate homeostasis play...

The purposes of this study are: (1) determine the color of the twenty shades in the Ivoclar’s Chromascop shade guide, (2) determine the color representation of the shade guide described as coverage error (CE), and (3) compare this shade guide with the Vita Classical and Bioform shade guides. The spectral data was collected using Beckman model DU reflectance spectrophotometer equipped with an in...

A commercial kit from Diagnostica, Inc., Miami Fla., was studied for its ability to detect antibodies to the teichoic acids of Staphylococcus aureus. A comparative study of the Diagnostica counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) system and our gel double-diffusion method was undertaken with 156 serum samples from 142 patients. Included were 25 cases of staphylococcal and non-staphylococcal endocardi...