PURPOSE To investigate the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) on potassium chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2) in rats following nicotine withdrawal and the roles played by BDNF/Trk/KCC2 pathway in nicotine withdrawal-induced hyperalgesia. METHODS Seventy-eight rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control group (n = 12) without any treatmen...

Neuropathic pain is usually persistent and there is no effective treatment. Activation of P2X(3) receptor subtype in primary sensory neurons is involved in neuropathic pain. Sodium ferulate (SF) is an active principle from Chinese herbal medicine and has anti-inflammatory activities. This study observed the effects of SF on the hyperalgesia mediated by P2X(3) receptor of rats after chronic cons...

The relative contributions of sea-level rise (SLR) and increasing extratropical storminess to the frequency with which waves attack coastal features is assessed with a simple total water level (TWL) model. For the coast of the U.S. Pacific Northwest over the period of wavebuoy observations (approximately 30 years), wave height (and period) increases have had a more significant role in the incre...

Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP), one of the early symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, relates to metabolic disorders induced by high blood glucose, neurotrophic vascular ischemia and hypoxia, and autoimmune factors. This study was aimed at exploring the effects of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) BC168687 siRNA on DNP mediated by P2X7 receptor on SGCs in DRG of rats. The mechanical withdrawal threshold...

BACKGROUND Vagal nerve blockade (vBloc) therapy was shown to be a safe and effective treatment for moderate to severe obesity. This report summarizes the safety and efficacy of vBloc therapy in the prespecified subgroup of patients with moderate obesity. METHODS The ReCharge Trial is a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial of participants with body mass index (BMI) of 40-45 or 35...

Drei frühe Ansätze von Weltbibliotheken vor und nach der Wende zum 20. Jahrhundert werden vorgestellt: die Sammlungstätigkeit des Ethnologischen Gewerbemuseums in Aarau (Schweiz), die Aktivitäten des Chemikers Wilhelm Ostwald und der von ihm in München mitbegründeten „Brücke“, einem ”Institut für die Organisierung der geistigen Arbeit”, sowie die Aufgaben der TechnischWissenschaftliche Lehrmitt...