Five phenotypic females in one family had the genotype 46,XY and all had gonadal germ cell tumours. Studies of the family pedigree suggest that this form of XY gonadal dysgenesis is inherited in an X linked recessive manner. G banding of elongated metaphase chromosomes from two subjects with XY gonadal dysgenesis and a female carrier showed no aberrations of the X chromosome. The titres of H-Y ...

Contrary to the expected XX/XY sex chromosome complements in hermaphroditism, a variety of karyotypes have been reported instead. Dewhurst et al. (1965) summarized from published reports the karyotypic findings in 27 patients with convincing evidence ofhermaphroditism, as follows: 46,XX (17); 46,XY (2); 46,XX/47,XXX (1); 46,XX/46,XX + Frag (1); 46,XX/46,XY (3); 46,XX/47,XXY/ 49,XXYYY (1); 46,XX...

To apply genetic programming (GP) to evolve λ-expressions, we devised an encoding scheme that encodes λ-expressions into trees. This encoding has closure property, i.e., any combination of terminal and non-terminal symbols forms a valid λ-expression. We applied this encoding to a simple symbolic regression problem over Church numerals and the objective function f(x) = 2x was successfully obtain...

For an integral parameter t ∈ Z we investigate the family of Thue equations F (x, y) = x + (t− 1)xy − (2t + 4t + 4)xy + (t + t + 2t + 4t − 3)xy + (t + t + 5t+ 3)xy + y = ±1 , originating from Emma Lehmer’s family of quintic fields, and show that for |t| ≥ 3.28 ·1015 the only solutions are the trivial ones with x = 0 or y = 0. Our arguments contain some new ideas in comparison with the standard ...

Adult cabbage maggots (Delia radicum L.) were exposed to dry conidia of isolates of several hyphomycetous fungi by placing them in a centrifuge tube containing conidia, then releasing them into small screened plastic cages. Mortality was assessed after 48, 120 and 160 h. A Beauveria bassiana isolate (P89 from Musca domestica) caused the highest mortality after 48 h, resulting in 100% mortality ...

We consider three forms of non-regular iteration in process algebra: the push-down operation $, de5ned by xy = x((xy)(xy)) + y, the nesting operation ], de5ned by xy = x((xy)x) + y, and the back and forth operation , de5ned by x y= x((x y)y) + y. In the process algebraic framework ACP with abstraction and one of $, ] or we provide de5nitions of the following standard processes: stack, context-f...

Let $R$ be a commutative ring and $I$ an ideal of $R$. The zero-divisor graph of $R$ with respect to $I$, denoted by $Gamma_I(R)$, is the simple graph whose vertex set is ${x in Rsetminus I mid xy in I$, for some $y in Rsetminus I}$, with two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy in I$. In this paper, we state a relation between zero-divisor graph of $R$ with respec...

BACKGROUND 46,XY disorders of sex development (46,XY DSD) are genetically heterogeneous conditions. Recently, a few submicroscopic genomic rearrangements have been reported as novel genetic causes of 46,XY DSD. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To clarify the role of cryptic rearrangements in the development of 46,XY DSD, we performed array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis for 24...

Eukaryotic genome similarity relationships are inferred using sequence information derived from large aggregates of genomic sequences. Comparisons within and between species sample sequences are based on the profile of dinucleotide relative abundance values (The profile is rho*XY = f*XY/f*Xf*Y for all XY, where f*X denotes the frequency of the nucleotide X and f*XY denotes the frequency of the ...