The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) shares its developmental origin with the neural retina (NR). When RPE development is disrupted, cells in the presumptive RPE region abnormally differentiate into NR-like cells. Therefore, the prevention of NR differentiation in the presumptive RPE area seems to be essential for regionalizing the RPE during eye development. However, its molecular mechanisms a...

14-3-3 proteins bind to the hinge 1 region of nitrate reductase (NR) and inhibit its activity. To determine which residues of NR are required for 14-3-3-inhibitory interactions, wild-type and mutant forms of Arabidopsis NR were examined in the yeast two-hybrid system and in vitro inhibition assays. NR fragments with or without hinge 1 were introduced into yeast with one of seven Arabidopsis 14-...

A facile method was used to prepare uniform Au NR/TiO2 and Au/Ag NR/TiO2 core-shell composite nanoparticles. Au/Ag NR/TiO2 nanoparticles were found to display significantly enhanced visible light photo-catalytic activity compared to Au NR/TiO2 and the commercially available TiO2 nanoparticles. The enhancement mechanism was ascribed to injection of hot electrons of photo-excited Au/Ag NRs to TiO...

ASC-2 (activating signal co-integrator-2) is a transcriptional co-activator that mediates the transactivation of NRs (nuclear receptors) via direct interactions with these receptors. ASC-2 contains two separate NR-interaction domains harbouring a core signature motif, LXXLL (where X is any amino acid), named the NR box. Although the first NR box (NR box-1) of ASC-2 interacts with many different...

The current study concerns loanword accent of Nakijin Ryukyuan 1 , hereafter NR. NR, as well as many Japonic languages or dialects, has a pitch accent system. Kubozono (2006) and Kubozono & Giriko (2011) claim that in several Japanese dialects loanword accent is determined by two factors: perceptual similarity between L1 (a borrowing language such as Tokyo Japanese) and L2 (a borrowed language ...

The dependence of single-molecule photoluminescence intermittency (PI) or "blinking" on the local dielectric constant (ε) is examined for nile red (NR) in thin films of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). In previous studies, variation of the local dielectric constant was accomplished by studying luminophores in chemically and structurally different hosts. In contrast, the NR/PVDF guest-host pair...

`-Graph, which learns a sparse graph over the data by sparse representation, has been demonstrated to be effective in clustering especially for high dimensional data. Although it achieves compelling performance, the sparse graph generated by `-Graph ignores the geometric information of the data by sparse representation for each datum separately. To obtain a sparse graph that is aligned to the u...

The adults of Calochromini with male flabellate antennae were studied. Two new Calochromus Guérin-Méneville, 1833 species with flabellate antennae, C. kelantanensis spec. nov. and C. harauensis spec. nov. are described. Dumbrellia Lea, 1909 (Calochromini) is proposed as a new junior synonym of Plateros Bourgeois, 1879 (Lycinae: Platerodini). Flabellochromus Pic, 1925 is transferred to Calochrom...

The interaction between isatin-β-thiosemicarbazone (IBT) and calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was investigated in physiological buffer (pH 7.4) using Neutral Red (NR) dye as a spectral probe by UV–Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, as well as viscosity measurements. The IBT is stabilized by intercalation in the DNA ( K [IBT –DNA] =1.03×105 M−1), and displaces the NR dye from the NR–DNA comple...

Standard SQL is incapable of handling recursive database queries and nested relations. A proposed solution to allow recursion in SQL was given in SQL KC93], while a solution to allow nested relations in SQL was given in SQL=NF RKB87]. However, these two problems with SQL were handled separately, and an extended SQL that handles both recursive queries and nested relations is still lacking. To ov...