With the rapidly growing interest in millimetre-wave and sub-millimetre-wave systems, the lack of traceability for measurements at these wavelengths is becoming ever more of a problem. Making comparable measurements of fundamental parameters, such as power, is very difficult and no proper calibrations traceable to SI realisations are available. At NPL, work undertaken in the 1980s led to the de...

A recent evaluation of the accuracy of the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) primary frequency standard NPL-CsF1 by K Szymaniec et al (2005 Metrologia 42 49–57) reported an overall frequency uncertainty of δν/ν0 = 1 × 10−15. This stated uncertainty includes a correction of a frequency bias of δν/ν0 = 8 × 10−16 ± 3 × 10−16 attributed by the authors to microwave leakage. We believe that the stat...

This research aimed to examine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL),Operating Expenses Operating Income (BOPO) and Deposite (LDR) ratios on profitability (ROA). type is quantitative research. The sample selection method in this used purposive sampling method. was 20 45 banking companies listed Indonesia Stock Exchange with periode 2016-2020. analytical multiple ...

The smooth softshell Apalone mutica is a North American trionychid turtle typically found in moderate to fast moving rivers and streams. Such habitats contrast with more resource rich environments (e.g., marshes and swamps) inhabited by other turtle species for which parental investment and egg and hatchling components have been studied. We measured components of eggs, embryos, and hatchlings a...

Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV16, is central to the development of squamous anogenital cancers and their precursor lesions, termed "squamous intraepithelial neoplasias." Men who have sex with men, particularly those who are infected with HIV, are at a high risk for anal infection with HPV16 and for low-grade anal neoplasia; however, only a subset of these men develop ...

Results from over a dozen prostate cancer susceptibility genome-wide scans, encompassing some 1,500 hereditary prostate cancer families, indicate that prostate cancer is an extremely heterogeneous disease with multiple loci contributing to overall susceptibility. In an attempt to reduce locus heterogeneity, we performed a genomewide linkage scan for prostate cancer susceptibility genes with 36 ...

A comprehensive review for the in-air calibration of an Ir-192 high-dose-rate brachytherapy source in terms of air kerma strength (AKS) and reference air kerma rate (RAKR) using the Farmer chamber was conducted. The reviewed calibration methods include the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) calibration standard in the UK, the 7-distance technique with the standard calibration of the National In...