BACKGROUND The use of alternative flame retardants has increased since the phase out of pentabromodiphenyl ethers (pentaBDEs). One alternative, Firemaster® 550 (FM550), induces obesity in rats. Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), a component of FM550, has a structure similar to that of organotins, which are obesogenic in rodents. OBJECTIVES We tested the hypothesis that components of FM550 are biologi...

The membrane potential of olfactory bulb synaptosomal fractions was monitored with the lipophilic cation tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP+), which has been reported to distribute across membranes according to the Nernst equation. The properties of the synaptosomal membrane potential as monitored with TPP+ were similar to those reported for neural tissues using other measurement techniques. There is ...

The suitability of a liposomal form of hydrophobic nonsulfonated meso-tetraphenyl porphyrin (TPP) for the photodynamic therapy of tumors was investigated. TPP was solubilized in small unilamellar lipid vesicles prepared by extrusion on a LIPOSOFAST apparatus. These samples were studied by laser-excited time resolved luminescence and triplet-triplet absorption spectroscopy. In this lipid environ...

Tripeptidyl peptidase-I (TPP-I) is a lysosomal exopeptidase which removes tripeptides from the N-terminus of small peptides. Mutations in the TPP-I gene result in a lethal neurodegenerative disease, classical late-infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN2). This disease is characterized by the accumulation of proteinaceous and autofluorescent material within the lysosomes of neurons, which...

The thiM riboswitch contains an aptamer domain that adaptively binds the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). The binding of TPP to the aptamer domain induces structural rearrangements that are relayed to a second domain, the so-called expression domain, thereby interfering with gene expression. The recently solved crystal structures of the aptamer domains of the thiM riboswitches in complex ...

The high transfection efficiency of polyethylenimine (PEI) makes it an attractive potential nonviral genetic vector for gene delivery and therapy. However, the highly positive charge of PEI leads to cytotoxicity and limits its application. To reduce the cytotoxicity of PEI, we prepared anion-enriched nanoparticles that combined PEI with tripolyphosphate (TPP). We then characterized the PEI-TPP ...

کانسار فسفات دلیر در 57 کلیومتری جنوب غربی شهر چالوس استان مازندران و زون البرز مرکزی دارد. میزبان این ذخیره سازند سلطانیه است که یکی از مهم‌ترین سازندهای رسوبی ایران است. نتایج آنالیز پراش اشعه ایکس (XRD) مطالعات میکروسکوپ نوری الکترونی بر روی نمونه‌های نشان داد آپاتیت، کلسیت، کوارتز دولومیت کانی‌های اصلی فرعی شامل مونتموریلونیت، پیریت باریت مقادیر به همراه جزیی سیدریت، روتیل، ایلیت گوتیت هستن...

OBJECTIVES Otoacoustic emission (OAE) testing is now a standard component of the diagnostic audiology protocol for infants and toddlers and is an excellent tool for detecting moderate-to-profound cochlear hearing loss. Detection of hearing loss is especially important in infants and toddlers. Unfortunately, middle-ear dysfunction has a high incidence in this age range and can confound interpret...